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Test Bank Davis Advantage for Basic Nursing
3rd Edition
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TEST BANK
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, Leslie S. Treas : Davis Advantage for Basic Nursing-Thinking, Doing, and
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Caring: Thinking, Doing, and Caring
Chapter 1 Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. What is the most influential factor that has shaped the nursing
profession? 1)
Physicians need for handmaidens
2)
Societal need for healthcare outside the home
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3)
Military demand for nurses in the field 4)
Germ theory influence on sanitation
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ANS: 3
Throughout the centuries, stability of the government has been related to the success of the
military to protect or extend its domain. As the survival and well-being of soldiers is
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critical, nurses provided healthcare to the sick and injured at the battle site. The physicians
handmaiden was/is a nursing stereotype rather than an influence on nursing. Although
there has been need for healthcare outside the home throughout history, this has more
influence on the development of hospitals than on nursing; this need provided one more
setting for nursing work. Germ theory and sanitation helped to improve healthcare but did
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not shape nursing.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: dm 910 KEY: Nursing process: N/A Client need: N/A |
Cognitive level: Recall
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2. Which of the following is an example of an illness prevention activity? Select
all that apply.
1)
Encouraging the use of a food diary
2)
Joining a cancer support group
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3)
Administering immunization for HPV
4)
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Teaching a diabetic patient about his diet
ANS: 3
Administering immunization for HPV is an example of illness prevention. Although cancer
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is a disease, it is assumed that a person joining a support group would already have the
disease; therefore, this is not disease prevention but treatment. Illness-prevention activities
focus on avoiding a specific disease. A food diary is a health-promotion activity. Teaching
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a diabetic patient about diet is a treatment for diabetes; the patient already has diabetes, so
it cannot prevent diabetes.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 18; high-level question, not directly stated in text KEY:
Nursing process: N/A | Client need: HPM | Cognitive level: Application
3. Which of the following contributions of Florence Nightingale had an
immediate impact on improving patients health?
, 1)
Providing a clean environment
2)
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Improving nursing education
3)
Changing the delivery of care in hospitals
4)
Establishing nursing as a distinct profession
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ANS: 1
Improved sanitation (a clean environment) greatly and immediately reduced the rate of
infection and mortality in hospitals. The other responses are all activities of Florence
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Nightingale that improved healthcare or nursing, but the impact is long range, not
immediate.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: V1, p. 3; student must infer from content | V1, p. 10; student
must infer from content
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
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4. All of the following are aspects of the full-spectrum nursing role. Which one
is essential for the nurse to do in order to successfully carry out all the others?
1)
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Thinking and reasoning about the clients care
2)
Providing hands-on client care
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3)
Carrying out physician orders
4)
Delegating to assistive personnel
ANS: 1
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A substantial portion of the nursing role involves using clinical judgment, critical
thinking, and problem solving, which directly affect the care the client will actually
receive. Providing hands-on care is important; however, clinical judgment, critical
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thinking, and problem solving are essential to do it successfully. Carrying out physician
orders is a small part of a nurses role; it, too, requires nursing assessment, planning,
intervention, and evaluation. Many simple nursing tasks are being delegated to nursing
assistive personnel; delegation requires careful analysis of patient status and the
appropriateness of support personnel to deliver care. Another way to analyze this
question is that none of the options of providing hands-on care, carrying out physician
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orders, and delegating to assistive personnel is required for the nurse to think and reason
about a clients care; so the answer must be 1.
PTS:1DIFifficultREF: p. 11
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KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
5. Which statement pertaining to Benners practice model for clinical competence
is true?
1)
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Progression through the stages is constant, with most nurses reaching the proficient stage.
2)
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Progression through the stages involves continual development of thinking and technical
skills.
3)
The nurse must have experience in many areas before being considered an expert.
4)
The nurses progress through the stages is determined by years of experience and skills.
, ANS: 2
Movement through the stages is not constant. Benners model is based on integration of
knowledge, technical skill, and intuition in the development of clinical wisdom. The
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model does not mention experience in many areas. The model does not mention years of
experience.
PTS:1DIF:ModerateREF:p. 15
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
6. Which of the following best explains why it is difficult for the profession
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to develop a definition of nursing?
1)
There are too many different and conflicting images of nurses.
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2)
There are constant changes in healthcare and the activities of nurses.
3)
There is disagreement among the different nursing organizations.
4)
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There are different education pathways and levels of practice.
ANS: 2
The conflicting images of nursing make it more important to develop a definition; they
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may also make it more difficult, but not to the extent that constant change does.
Healthcare is constantly changing and with it come changes in where, how, and what
nursing care is delivered. Constant changes make it difficult to develop a definition.
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Although different nursing organizations have different definitions, they are similar in
most ways. The different education pathways affect entry into practice, not the definition
of nursing.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 11; How Is Nursing Defined?
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
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7. Nurses have the potential to be very influential in shaping healthcare
policy. Which of the following factors contributes most to nurses influence?
1)
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Nurses are the largest health professional group.
2)
Nurses have a long history of serving the public.
3)
Nurses have achieved some independence from physicians in recent years.
4)
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Political involvement has helped refute negative images portrayed in the media.
ANS: 1
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Nurses are trusted professionals and the largest health professional group. As such, they
have political power to effect changes. If nursing were a small group, there would be
little potential for power in shaping policies, even if all the other answers were true.
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Serving the public, while positive, does not necessarily help nurses to be influential in
establishing health policy. Independence from physicians, although positive, does not
necessarily make nurses influential in establishing healthcare policy. Refuting negative
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media, although positive, does not necessarily make nurses influential in establishing
healthcare policy.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 21
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
8. Nursing was described as a distinct occupation in the sacred books of
which faith?
1)
, Buddhism
2)
Christianity
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3)
Hinduism
4)
Judaism
ANS: 3
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The Vedas, the sacred books of the Hindu faith, described Indian healthcare practices and
were the earliest writings of a distinct nursing occupation.
PTS:1DIF:EasyREF:p. 7
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KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
9. The American Red Cross was established
by 1)
Louisa May Alcott 2)
Clara Barton
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3)
Dorothea Dix
4)
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Harriet Tubman
ANS: 2
Clara Barton was an American teacher, nurse, and humanitarian who organized the
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American Red Cross after the Civil War. Louisa May Alcott was an American novelist
who wrote Little Women in 1868. Dorothea Dix was an American activist who acted on
behalf of the indigent population with mental illness. She was credited for establishing the
first psychiatric institution. Harriet Tubman was an African American abolitionist and
Union spy during the Civil War. After escaping captivity, she set up a network of
antislavery activists, known as the Underground Railroad.
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PTS:1DIF:EasyREF:p. 10
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
10. Which of the following is the most important reason to develop a definition
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of nursing?
1)
Recruit more informed people into the nursing profession
2)
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Evaluate the degree of role satisfaction 3)
Dispel the stereotypical images of nurses and nursing
4)
Differentiate nursing activities from those of other health professionals
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ANS: 4
Nursing organization leaders think it is important to develop a definition of nursing to
bring value and understanding to the profession, differentiate nursing activities from
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those of other health professionals, and help student nurses understand what is expected
of them. A definition of nursing would not be likely to increase the number of informed
people recruited into nursing. A definition of nursing would do little to improve the
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nurses role satisfaction. Although a definition of nursing might contribute to fighting
stereotypes of nursing, other, more powerful influences (e.g., media portrayals) exist to
counteract it.
PTS:1DIF:EasyREF:V1, dm 1113; students must infer from content KEY:
Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
11. Which of the following provides evidence-based support for the
, contribution that advanced practice nurses (APNs) make within healthcare?
1)
Reduced usage of diagnostics using advanced technology
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2)
Decreased number of unnecessary visits to the emergency department 3)
Improved patient compliance with prescribed treatments
4)
Increased usage of complementary alternative therapies
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ANS: 3
Studies demonstrate that APNs have improved patient outcomes over those of physicians,
including increased patient understanding and cooperation with treatments and decreased
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need for hospitalizations. No well-known, scientific studies support APNs effect on the use
of advanced technology. No well-known, scientific studies support APNs effect on the
frequency of emergency department visits. No well-known, scientific studies support
APNs effect on the use of alternative therapies.
PTS:1DIF:ModerateREF:p. 20
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KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
12. Which of the following is an example of what traditional medicine
and complementary and alternative medicine therapies have in common?
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1)
Both can produce adverse effects in some patients.
2)
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Both use prescription medications.
3)
Both are usually reimbursed by insurance programs.
4)
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Both are regulated by the FDA.
ANS: 1
Both traditional and complementary therapies can produce adverse effects in some
patients. Many medications are derived from herbs, but the alternative treatments usually
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use the herbs, not prescription medication. Insurance programs do not necessarily
reimburse alternative treatments, because many are not supported by sound scientific
research methodology. Alternative medications are not regulated by the FDA.
PTS:1DIF:ModerateREF:p. 20
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
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13. Of the following, the biggest disadvantage of having nursing assistive
personnel (NAP) help nurses is that the nurse
1)
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Must know what aspects of care can legally and safely be delegated to the NAP
2)
May rely too heavily on information gathered by the NAP when making patient care
decisions
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3)
Is removed from many components of direct patient care that have been delegated to the
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NAP
4)
Still maintains responsibility for the patient care given by the NAP
ANS: 2
All of the options may be disadvantages to using NAPs, but making decisions based on
anothers information is the greatest drawback because of the potential for negatively
affecting patient care. Treatment decisions based on incorrect information may cause
