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2024 PEDIATRIC NURSING - HESI - GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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PEDIATRIC NURSING - HESI - GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2024
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PEDIATRIC NURSING - HESI -GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT EXAM
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the theories of growth & development? - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Erikson's 8 stages of psychosocial development
-Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
-Kohlberg's Moral Development
-Tanner's Stages of Secondary Sex Characteristics
Describe Erikson's Trust vs. Mistrust stage - CORRECT ANSWERS-Birth to 1
y.o.
-Basic trust; exists only in relation to something or someone, therefore
consistent loving care is essential.
*faith & optimism
Describe Erikson's Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt - CORRECT ANSWERS-1 to 3
y.o. (Toddlerhood)
-Childs ability to control their bodies, themselves, and their environment.
-Learning through imitation
-Children are made to feel small and self conscious when their choices are
disastrous or they're forced to be dependent.
*Self-control & willpower.
Describe Erikson's Initiative vs. Guilt - CORRECT ANSWERS-3 to 6 y.o.
(preschool)
-Magical Thinking!!
-Belief that thoughts are all powerful (if sister gets sick, they will feel its their
fault for "wishing" it)
-Develop conscience
*Direction & Purpose
Describe Erikson's Industry vs. Inferiority - CORRECT ANSWERS-6 to 12 y.o.
(School Age)
-Ready to be workers & producers
-They learn the rules
-Decisive period in social relationships
-May feel inadequate if they cannot measure up to standards.
*Competence
, Describe Erikson's Identity vs. Role Confusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-12 to 18
y.o.+ (Adolescence)
-Rapid & marked physical changes
-Preoccupied by perception of others
-inability to solve core conflict results in role confusion
*Devotion & fidelity
When does birth weight double? - CORRECT ANSWERS-6 months
What are the stages of Erikson's Psychosocial Development? - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Infancy: Birth to 1 y.o. -- Trust vs. Mistrust
-Toddlerhood: 1 y.o. to 3 y.o. -- Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
-Preschool: 3 to 6 y.o. -- Initiative vs. Guilt
-School Age: 6 to 12 y.o. -- Industry vs. Inferiority
-Adolescent: 12 to 18+ y.o. -- Identity vs. Role Confusion
What are Piaget's Cognitive Theories? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Sensorimotor:
Birth - 2 y.o.
-Preoperational: 2-7 y.o.
-Concrete Operational: 7-11 y.o.
-Formal Operational: 11-15 y.o., adulthood
Describe Piaget's Sensorimotor stage. - CORRECT ANSWERS-Birth - 2 y.o.
-object permanence (object exists even though it is not longer visible)
-governed by sensations in which simple learning takes place -- imitative
behavior, cause & effect, problem solving by trial & error.
Describe Piaget's Preoperational Stage. - CORRECT ANSWERS-2-7 y.o.
-Egocentrism
-intuitive (e.g. reasoning = stars have to go to bed just as they do);
-transducive (because two events occur together, they cause each other—
e.g. all women w/ big bellies have babies).
Describe Piaget's Concrete Operational Stage: - CORRECT ANSWERS-7-11
y.o.
-Conservation (realize that physical factors such as volume, weight, &
number remain the same even though outward appearances are changed);
-Inductive (based on evidence, conclusion is probably true).
Describe Piaget's Formal Operational Stage: - CORRECT ANSWERS-11 - 15
y.o., adulthood
-Adaptability & flexibility.
-Abstract thinking.
When does birth weight triple? - CORRECT ANSWERS-12 months (1 year)
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