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2024 PEDIATRIC HESI EXAM QUESTIONS & HINTS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDIATRIC HESI EXAM QUESTIONS & HINTS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDIATRIC HESI EXAMQUESTIONS & HINTS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
When assessing a child for possible intussusception, which of the following
would be least likely to provide valuable information?
a.Stool inspection
b. Pain pattern
c. Family history
d. Abdominal palpation - CORRECT ANSWERS-Answer C
Because intussusception is not believed to have a familial tendency,
obtaining a family history would provide the least amount of information.
Stool inspection, pain pattern, and abdominal palpation would reveal
possible indicators of intussusception. Current, jelly-like stools containing
blood and mucus are an indication of intussusception. Acute,episodic
abdominal pain is characteristics of intussusception. A sausage-shaped mass
may be palpated in the right upper quadrant.
When does birth length double? - CORRECT ANSWERS-By 4 years
When does the child sit unsupported? - CORRECT ANSWERS-8 months
When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? - CORRECT ANSWERS-2
years
A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth
may indicate which of the following?
a.Hirschsprung disease
b. Celiac disease
c. Intussusception
d. Abdominal wall defect - CORRECT ANSWERS-Answer A
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an
indication of Hirschsprung disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in
mechanical obstruction due to inadequate motility in an intestinal segment.
Failure to pass meconium is not associated with celiac disease,
intussusception, or abdominal wall defect.
Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with
Hirschsprung disease has a fever and watery explosive diarrhea?
,a. Notify the physician immediately
b. Administer antidiarrheal medications
c. Monitor child ever 30 minutes
d. Nothing, this is characteristic of Hirschsprung disease - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Answer A
For the child with Hirschsprung disease, fever and explosive diarrhea
indicate enterocolitis, a life-threatening situation. Therefore, the physician
should be notified immediately. Generally, because of the intestinal
obstruction and inadequate propulsive intestinal movement, antidiarrheals
are not used to treat Hirschsprung disease. The child is acutely ill and
requires intervention, with monitoring more frequently than every 30
minutes.Hirschsprung disease typically presents with chronic constipation.
When does a child throw a ball overhand? - CORRECT ANSWERS-18 months
When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? - CORRECT ANSWERS-2
Yeears
Age groups concepts of bodily injury - CORRECT ANSWERS-Infants: After 6
months, their cognitive development allows them to remember pain.
Toddlers: Fear intrusive procedures.
Preschoolers: Fear body mutilation.
School age: Fear loss of control of their body.
Adolescent: Major concern is change in body image.
Following immunization, what teaching should the nurse provide to the
parents? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Irritability, fever (<102 degrees F), redness
and soreness at injection site for 2-3days are normal side effects of DPT and
IPV administration.Call healthcare provider if seizures, high fever, or high -
pitched crying occur.A warm washcloth on the thigh injection site and
"bicycling" the legs w/each diaper change will decrease
soreness.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is administered orally every 4-6 hours
(10-15 mg/Kg)
Hgb norms - CORRECT ANSWERS-Newborn: 14 to 24 g/dl
Infant: 10 to 15 g/dl
Child: 11 to 16 g/dl
Autosomal recessive - CORRECT ANSWERS-Both parents must be
heterozygous, or carriers of the recessive trait, for the disease to be
expressed in their offspring. With each pregnancy, there is a 1:4 chance of
the infant having the disease. However, all children of such parents CAN get
the disease - NOT 25% of them.
, A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy.
Which of the following instructions will the nurse include when teaching the
parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause
infections in immune-compromised child. Fruits and vegetables should either
be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a temperature
above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and humidifiers harbor
fungi in the water containers.
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from
bicycleriding. Which of the following is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments to
reduce the swelling and bleeding into the joint. These are the priority actions
for bleeding into the joint of a client with hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks
the nurse about chances of her children having sickle cell disease. Which of
the following is appropriate response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Answer C
In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25%
chance with each pregnancy that a child will have the disease.
An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia.
Which ofthe following activities is most appropriate for the child to decrease
oxygen demands on the body?
a)Dancing
b) playing video games
c) reading a book
d) riding a bicycle - CORRECT ANSWERS-Answer C
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