Database application - software that helps business users interact with database
systems
Database administrator - responsible for securing the database system against
unauthorized users, enforces procedures
Authorization - limits user access
Rules - database systems ensure data is consistent with structural and business rules
Query processor - interprets queries, creates plan to modify database/retrieve data, and
returns query results
Query optimization - performed by query processor to ensure most efficient instructions
are executed
Indexes - quickly locate data
transaction manager - ensures transactions are properly executed, prevents conflicts
between concurrent transactions, restores database to consistent state
INSERT - insert rows into a table
SELECT - retrieves data from a table
UPDATE - modifies existing rows in a table
- Uses SET clause for new column values
- Uses WHERE clause for which rows to update, or updates all rows
DELETE - deletes rows from a table
- FROM follows table name
- Use WHERE for which rows to delete, or delete all rows
CREATE TABLE - creates new table by specifying the table and column names, and
column data types
INT (data type) - stores integer values
DECIMAL (data type)(M,D) - stores fractional numeric values; numerical with M digits, D
digits is decimal point
, VARCHAR (data type) - stores textual values, values with 0 to N characters
DATE (data type) - stores year/month/day data
Analysis Phase - specifies database requirements without regard to specific database
system
What are requirements represented by? - Entities, relationships, and attributes
Entity - person, place, activity, or thing
Relationship - link between entities
Attribute - descriptive property of an entity
Other names for analysis? - Conceptual deisng, entity-relationship modeling,
requirements definition
Logical Design - - Phase that implements database requirements in a specific database
system
Logical Design in Relational Database Systems - Converts entities, relationships, and
attributes into tables, keys, and columns
Physical Design Phase - Adds indexes and specifies how tables are organized on
storage media, affects processing speed
Data Independence - Principle that Physical Design never affects query results
MySQL Command-Line Client - text interface in MySQL Server, returns an error code
and description if syntactically incorrect/database can't execute
Tuple - ordered collection of elements closed in parentheses
Table - has a name, fixed tuple of columns, and varying set of rows
Column - name and data type
Row - unnamed tuple of values, each value corresponds to a column and belongs to the
column's data type
Data type - named set of values from which column values are drawn
Business rules - based on business policy and specific to a particular database
Explicit values - string, numeric, or binary
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