Define infectivity not all pathogens are created equally
Define pathogen microorganisms that are capable of causing infectious disease; categorized as viruses bacteria, and fungi
Define host The human or animal invaded and colonized by a pathogen
Define Colonization a pathogen living within the ...
NSG 310 Quiz 2 Questions and Correct
Answers
Define infectivity ✅not all pathogens are created equally
Define pathogen ✅microorganisms that are capable of causing infectious disease;
categorized as viruses bacteria, and fungi
Define host ✅The human or animal invaded and colonized by a pathogen
Define Colonization ✅a pathogen living within the host, but does not mean infection
exists (not always causing the problem)
Define infection ✅invasion, colonization, and multiplication of pathogens within the
host
Define Virulence ✅the severity or harmfulness of a disease
(different pathogens have varying disease-producing potential)
Define Reservoir ✅source of a pathogenic organism that may or may not be suffering
from the disease caused by a pathogen
Define Fomite ✅an environmental object that can host a pathogen
ex: unsanitary bathroom surface
Define vector ✅a living being that can carry the pathogenic organism from the
reservoir to the host
ex: tick or mosquito
Define Endemic ✅a disease that exists in the area and is prevalent but relatively stable
Define Epidemic ✅an abrupt increase in the incidence of disease within a geographic
area
Define pandemic ✅a term used for the global spread of a disease
Normal Flora ✅not going to cause a problem, do not cause infection when they remain
within the strict boundaries of their anatomical structures ex: e. coli in the bowel
Define carriers ✅individuals who carry certain bacteria and transmit an infection to
susceptible individuals are known as carriers
, Gram Postive bacteria ✅bacteria have a thick cell well
Gram negative bacteria ✅bacteria have a thin cell well
Structure of viruses ✅Consist of DNA or RNA genome surrounded by a protein coat
Life cycle of a virus ✅dependent on their host cell for their life cycle --> will eventually
die. only give medication for people who are immunocompromised
Varicella Zoster Virus ✅Chicken pox: causes a blister-like rash and upper respiratory
infection, after resolution of the illness the virus remains dormant within the dorsal
ganglia of the spinal cord
Where is Varicella Zoster Virus mostly seen? ✅in children
What occurs to people who get Varicella Zoster Virus later on in life? ✅They get
shingles, they are extremely painful because they follow the nerve route (can get a
vaccine for this)
Mycoses ✅fungi and mold like organisms
Dermatophytes ✅live on the skin (tinea) tinea captius (ringworm), tinea pedius
(athletes foot)
Invasive Fungi ✅candida, candida albicans: thrush (white coat over tongue)
Helminths ✅Worms which enter through the GI tract
Malaria ✅parasites enter via contaminated food/water: do not drink non-purified water
Prions ✅unique infectious proteins that cause brain diseases in animals and humans
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ✅Chronic, progressive, fatal disease of the central nervous
system caused by a prion (mad cow disease)
Portal of Entry ✅skin: (mucus, cilia protect) ph provides protection --> break in the skin
can increase the risk for infection
respiratory: (coughing, protection) --> airborne precautions to be taken
GI: acidity in the stomach, anything able to live in the stomach potent
Genitourinary: UTI (common) bacteria entering the urinary system
Bloodborne: serious spread from transfusions (septicemia 50% mortality rate)
Stages of Infection ✅Incubation Period (pick it up)
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