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BIO 191 FINAL EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+$22.99
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BIO 191 FINAL EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL
EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE 2024
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
Every morning a graduate student turns on the light in the
laboratory and then feeds the fish in the aquarium. After a
couple of weeks of this routine, the graduate student
notices that the fish come to the surface to feed as soon
as the lights are turned on. The behavior of the fish is a
result of _____.
=This is learning to associate an arbitrary stimulus (the
light) with reward (the food) or punishment.
Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?
1. They are limited to invertebrate animals.
2. They occur in invertebrates and some vertebrates but
not mammals.
,3. They occur with or without environmental stimuli.
4. Their expression is only weakly influenced by genes.
5. They are expressed in most individuals in a population.
Correct Answer They are expressed in most individuals in
a population.
A female zebra finch reared by a father with a red feather
taped to his head will select a mate with a similar
ornament over an unornamented male. What are plausible
ultimate explanations for this behavior (i.e., why it occurs
in the context of natural selection)?
*SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:*
1. A female zebra finch learns to recognize suitable mates
by observing her father.
2. A female zebra finch that chooses a mate that
resembles her father is more likely to reproduce
successfully.
3. Zebra finches are able to perceive ornamentation on
other birds. Correct Answer A female zebra finch that
chooses a mate that resembles her father is more likely to
reproduce successfully.
=A female zebra finch choosing a mate that resembles her
father is more likely to choose a mate from her own
species than a zebra finch that does not make such a
choice. That is an ultimate explanation for the female
zebra finches' behavior, explaining why the behavior
benefits the finch in the context of natural selection. Read
about proximate and ultimate causation.
,In cross-fostering studies, the young of one species are
placed in the care of adults from another species. In broad
terms, what do researchers learn from such studies?
*SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:*
1. Changes in the behavior of cross-fostered young
provide information about how the social and physical
environment influences behavior.
2. Cross-fostering studies provide information about the
evolutionary relationship between the two species.
3. Cross-fostering studies provide information about the
relative importance of nature and nurture in the
development of a trait. Correct Answer Changes in the
behavior of cross-fostered young provide information
about how the social and physical environment influences
behavior.
Cross-fostering studies provide information about the
relative importance of nature and nurture in the
development of a trait.
=Traits that are largely determined by genes (nature) will
be largely unchanged by cross-fostering. On the other
hand, traits that are largely determined by the environment
(nurture) may be modified by the cross-fostering. If cross-
fostered birds behave differently from birds reared by their
own parents, the changes are likely due to changes in the
social and physical environment in which they are reared.
Read about cross-fostering experiments.
, Graylag goslings imprint on a nearby object that moves
away from them during a sensitive period in the first few
hours after they hatch, and follow the object steadfastly
from that time on. What is the adaptive value of this
behavior?
1. This behavior is not adaptive because goslings may
imprint on objects other than their parents.
2. This behavior is genetic.
3. This behavior is likely to increase gosling survival.
Correct Answer This behavior is likely to increase gosling
survival.
=The gosling is most likely to see its mother during the
sensitive period. Following its mother steadfastly until it
becomes independent increases the gosling's chance of
surviving to adulthood. Read about imprinting.
Select the correct statement(s) about the genetics of
behavior.
*SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:*
1. Most behavioral traits are determined by a single gene.
2. Learned behaviors are not subject to genetic influence.
3. Behaviors with a genetic component can evolve through
natural selection. Correct Answer Behaviors with a genetic
component can evolve through natural selection.
=Most complex behaviors are determined by a number of
genes as well as environmental factors (nature and
nurture). Furthermore, any behavior with a genetic
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