OSHA: Bloodborne Pathogens
- offered at no cost & at a reasonable time/place
- Performed by/under supervision of a licensed physician/other healthcare professional
- laboratory tests must be conducted by an accredited laboratory & at no cost to him -
ANS-Emmanuel has had a sharps exposure at work and has reported the incident. His
employer has offered him an immediate confidential medical evaluation and follow-up care.
What can he expect from the exam?
- Provide PPE.
- Use controls to prevent injury.
- Label hazards correctly.
- Provide free medical evaluations if an injury occurs. - ANS-Your employer is legally required to
take which of the following actions to protect you against health hazards related to bloodborne
pathogens?
- puncture-resistant
- leak-proof
- biohazard labeled or color-coded red
- closable
- kept upright - ANS-Containers for contaminated sharps must have certain features. What are
these?
- Touching an infected person
- Coughing or sneezing
- Using the same equipment, materials, toilets, water fountains, or showers as an infected
person - ANS-Ways bloodborne pathogens are NOT transmitted by:
- Used IV tubing with NO visible blood.
- A used needle.
- A syringe detached from the used needle.
- Used IV tubing with visible blood. - ANS-Which of the following devices is considered
contaminated?
• Come attached with safety features that cannot be removed.
• Are easy to use and have clear instructions.
• Do not interfere with patient care.
• Can be engaged with one hand.
• Enable hands to remain behind the exposed sharp.
• Are visibly different when activated. - ANS-Safe Device Characteristics
• Needle-free IV systems
, • Sheathed, blunting, or retractable needles
• Blood transfer adapters
• Non-breakable plastic vacuum and capillary tubes
• Sharps disposal containers - ANS-types of sharps devices that can be used to protect you:
1 - ANS-How many patients can you use a single-use injection device with before it goes into
the disposal container?
1. Injection
2. Skin Abrasions
3. Mucous Membranes
4. Sexual Contact - ANS-4 ways bloodborne pathogens can be spread:
Activities after use & prior to disposal - ANS-After the actual use of sharps devices, what is the
next leading cause of sharps injuries?
Avoid eating, drinking, smoking, or applying cosmetics or contact lenses in an area with a likely
source of a bloodborne pathogen. - ANS-Avoidance
devices that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogens hazard from the workplace and the
standard requires that employers identify and use such engineering controls. They include
sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, and safer medical devices, such as sharps
with engineered sharps-injury protection and needleless systems. - ANS-Engineering Controls
Dispose of all protective equipment in a biohazard bag. - ANS-Disposal
Employers also have an obligation to maintain worker medical and training records. The
employer also must maintain a sharps injury log. - ANS-Medical and Training Records
Employers are required to identify and ensure the use of work practice controls. These are
practices that reduce the possibility of exposure by changing the way a task is performed, such
as appropriate practices for handling and disposing of contaminated sharps, handling
specimens, handling laundry, and cleaning contaminated surfaces and items. - ANS-Work
Practice Controls
Employers are required to implement the use of universal precautions (treating all human blood
and other potentially infectious material as if known to be infectious for bloodborne pathogens). -
ANS-Universal Precautions
Employers must ensure that their workers receive regular training that covers all elements of the
standard including, but not limited to: information on bloodborne pathogens and diseases,
methods used to control occupational exposure, Hepatitis B vaccine, and medical evaluation
and post-exposure follow-up procedures. Employers must offer this training at the time of hiring,
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