HKIN 276 FINAL MODULE 3 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Bimanual or bilateral task function - Answer-practicing one side of limb sends stimulus or information to other side of limb and as a result the unpracticed limb automatically learns the skill to a certain extent
Definition of ability - Answer-an...
HKIN 276 FINAL MODULE 3 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS
Bimanual or bilateral task function - Answer-practicing one side of limb sends stimulus
or information to other side of limb and as a result the unpracticed limb automatically
learns the skill to a certain extent
Definition of ability - Answer-an ability is a fundamental characteristic that tends to
underlie particular skills; ability is largely inherited genetically and is not modifiable by
practice
Definition of prediction - Answer-prediction is the process of using people's abilities to
estimate their probable success in various occupations or sports
Characteristics in individual differences in motor ability and skill - Answer-- differences
tend to be stable from attempt to attempt
- differences endure across time
- differences on a single measurement are often not sufficient for establishing individual
differences
Differentiation between motor ability and skill - Answer-
Description of the general motor ability hypothesis - Answer-A person with strong
general motor ability should be good at all motor tasks
how do motor skills correlate (generally) - Answer-generally, the relationship between
various skills are low, suggesting that there are many abilities, which are very specific to
particular tasks
how do motor abilities predict motor performance - Answer-- ensure that the learning
principles he or she is using are appropriate for the skill being taught
- give the learner more assistance with underlying features of the skill important for
movement control
- choose an individual for advanced training based on the match of abilities of the
person involved in the task
what components are involved when someone (a coach for example) predicts ability -
Answer-- understanding the abilities that underlie the criterion task
- estimating the strength of these abilities in applicants as indications of their future
capabilities in the criterion task
-estimating the potential skill on the criterion task based on present information about
the applicants
, how do abilities change with practice - Answer-- although an individual might have the
proper abilities for novice performance, this often is not the proper pattern of abilities
required for expert performance
- selecting people because they are good as novices will capture only a part of the job
of prediction
- most knowledge about abilities is based on relatively novice-level performance
- unfortunately, little is known about the abilities that underlie very high-level
performance, making the task of predicting them particularly difficult.
how does ability change from early practice to advance practice - Answer-changes in
the underlying abilities as the learner progresses from novice to expert. some abilities
drop out and are replaced by others, whereas other abilities remain
how effective is skill prediction - Answer-- underlying abilities in motor performances
have not been studied systematically and are not well understood
- the number of underlying abilities is probably large, requiring that many abilities be
measured
- pattern of relevant abilities shifts with practice and experience, making prediction of
expert performances difficult.
Open-loop control system in motor learning - Answer-A control system in which all the
information needed to initiate and carry out an action as planned is contained in the
initial instructions to the effector, but missing feedback and comparator mechanisms fro
determining system errors
when is open-loop especially important? - Answer-it is important when the
environmental situation is predictable and stable
when isn't modification required in movement - Answer-when open-loop systems are
most effective in stable, predictable environments in which the need for modification of
commands are low.
what influences reaction time? - Answer-Reaction time is affected by several features of
the movement to be performed, presumably by influencing the complexity and duration
of the movement programming stage.
factors that increase reaction time - Answer-- additional elements in area added to an
action
- more limbs must be coordinated, and
- the duration of the movement becomes longer
factors that shorten reaction time - Answer-when intense stimuli (auditory or visual) are
presented as startle indicators, causing the prepared movement produced normally, but
with an RT that may be up to 100 ms shorter than on control trials without the extra
startle simulus
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