Exam (elaborations)
CHAMBERLAIN NR565 PHARM MIDTERM EXAM 2024
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CHAMBERLAIN NR565 PHARM MIDTERM EXAM 2024
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Chamberlain NR565 Pharm MidtermStudy online at https://quizlet.com/_eus27e
1. What Drugs can APRNs prescribe? Schedule II - V in most states
2. Who determines and regulates pre- the jurisdiction of health professional
scriptive authority? board; State Board of Medicine etc.
3. How does limited prescriptive au- Longer wait times to sign a prescrip-
thority impact patients within the tion; unequal relationships between
healthcare system? providers
4. What are the key responsibilities of safe and competent practice under-
prescribing? standing of the drugs, reactions, and
pharmacology;
Be aware of the age group you are
prescribing to
Ex. Children vs older adults
5. What are some pharmacokinetic 1. Increased body fat
and pharmacodynamic changes of 2. Decrease in lean mass
older adults? 3. Decreased albumin
4. Decreased total body water
5. Decreased CO
6. Decreased GI absorption (less sur-
face area, > pH, less GI motility, de-
creased gastric emptying)
7. Metabolism decreased by hepatic
enzymes
8. Excretion impacted by renal blood
flow, decreased GFR, lower number
of nephrons
6. What baseline information is need- Liver and renal labs;
ed to prescribe for older adults Elderly have an enlarged liver, de-
based on pharmacokinetics and creased blood flow to both liver and
dynamics? kidneys, and increased hepatic en-
zyme activity ... drugs may have a
longer half-life and prolonged effect
7. What is the Beer's Criteria? Created by the American Geriatrics
Society: A list created to help
, Chamberlain NR565 Pharm Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eus27e
providers decide what medications
will be potentially inappropriate in the
elderly population, heavily weighs the
risks and benefits.
8. Why is the Beer's Criteria impor- It provides a list of medications that
tant? are potentially harmful in elderly. List
that identifies drugs with a high like-
lihood of causing adverse effects in
older adults. Beers Criteria are rec-
ommendations; ultimately prescribers
must determine whether a medication
is appropriate for use or not. These
guidelines are not intended to limit the
use of medications or apply to all older
adults. Safe and judicious prescribing
is crucial in the older adult to optimize
pharmacotherapy.
9. Impacts and outcomes of polyphar- - drug interactions with mild side ef-
macy fects to life-threatening consequences
10. Examples of CYP450 inhibitors "VISA Credit Card Debt inhibits
spending on designers like CK to look
GQ"
Valproate
Isoniazid
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone
Chloramphenicol
Keotconazole
Grapefruit juice
Quinidine
11. What do CYP450 inhibitors do? decrease rate of metabolism of anoth-
er drug, so the drug will stick around
longer and have prolonged effects
12. What would CYP450 inhibitors dangerous toxic effects or decreased
cause if not used correctly? therapeutic effect of drug
, Chamberlain NR565 Pharm Midterm
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eus27e
13. What are some examples of "BS CRAP GPS induces rage"
CYP450 inducers? Barbituates
St. John Wort
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbital
Sulonylureas
14. What do CYP450 inducers do? Speed up metabolism of drugs (drug
is cleared faster), drug has lesser ef-
fect (decrease blood levels of drug),
elevate CYP450 enzymes
15. What would the patient experience Drug has a lessened or lower effect
is a CYP450 inducer is not used
correctly?
16. What happens when someone has substantially decreased drug metabo-
a poor metabolism phenotype? lism and, in particular situations, high-
er levels of drugs and increased risk
for adverse drug reactions
17. What does the USFDA regulate Whether the drug is safe, effective,
when it comes to medications? and benefits of a drug outweigh the
risks
18. Reasons for medication non-adher- 1. patient feels not needed
ence 2. affordability
3. side effects
4. forgetfulness
5. lack of info
6. lack of disease concern
7. poor social support
8. low reaction satisfaction
9. poor physician relationship
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