This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system. – RESPONSE Ganglia
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion. – RESPONSE Parasympathetic
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons? – RESPONSE Motor (Efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body. – RESPONSE Axon
An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the: - RESPONSE Central nervous system
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters. – RESPONSE The neuron cell body
manufacturesneurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
An afferent neuron carries information: - RESPONSE From the peripheral to the central nervous system
What is the location and function of Astrocytes? – RESPONSE Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier,
arefound in the brain, and are part of the CNS
A client's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during surgery. Would the
client be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? Why or why not? – RESPONSE Yes; Peripheral nerves
can regenerate the length of the axon through axonal regeneration because of the growth of Schwann
cells ahead of the axon.
Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2 of the diagram. Include
the charge of the membrane during this phase. – RESPONSE Depolarization: The sodium gates open
and sodium rushes into the axon during the depolarization phase of the action potential.
,Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is: - RESPONSE-70mV
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump? – RESPONSE The overall effect is
anegative charge on the outside of the membrane.
True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This means that the strength of the
action potential is weaker than usual. Explain your reasoning. – RESPONSE False. The action potential is
always the same. The frequency and number of nuerons activated change the increase in intensity.
Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular junction? – RESPONSE Ach is
released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential in the muscle fiber.
How is a message sent from one neuron to another? - RESPONSEA signal travels from the cell body
through the axon and releases neurotransmitters into the synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with
receptor that carry the message to the dendrite of the next neuron, and the process begins again.
What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle tone? – RESPONSE Dopamine
In a reflex, the neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway towards the central
nervous system. – RESPONSE Sensory (afferent)
This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more synapses. – RESPONSE The integration
center
What is true about the stretch reflex? – RESPONSE The muscle spindle detects stretch within the muscle.
What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex? – RESPONSE It involves excitatory
interneurons.It involves inhibitory interneurons.
, Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pathway of the
reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs involved and the action of the reflex. – RESPONSE Stretch
onpatellar tendon (tapping patellar tendon)
Muscle spindle detects stretch
Afferent (sensory) neuron through DRG
Spinal cord
Synapses directly on a motor neuron (efferent)
Action: To muscle fiber to contract quadriceps (kicking foot)
Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotoxin that interferes with the release of Acetylcholine. Clients
with this disease experience flaccid paralysis, or the inability to contract their muscles. Explain why this
would occur. – RESPONSE Acetylcholine triggers the release of sodium ions. The sodium ions reach the
sarcoplasmic reticulum, which in turn release calcium ions that begin muscle contraction. If acetylcholine
is not able to be released, the muscle contraction would not be possible.
This layer of the meninges is tightly attached to the brain. – RESPONSE Pia Mater
The fissure separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres. – RESPONSE transverse median
Describe the function of the brain ventricles. – RESPONSE The brain ventricles are located inside the
brainand produce and store cerebral spinal fluid
ll the following are functions of the hypothalamus except: - RESPONSE Filters out unimportant sensory
information
What is the largest portion of the brain? – RESPONSE cerebrum
This region of the brain acts to coordinate multiple sources of sensory information. – RESPONSE
Associationarea
A client is having difficulty producing speech sounds, but other motor movements are normal. Which
area of the brain is most likely damaged? – RESPONSE Broca's area
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