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Bio 104 -Exam 3 study questions and answers (graded a)
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Bio 104 -Exam 3 study questions and answers
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Bio 104 -Exam 3 study questions andanswers
The common ancestor of all animals is/are the: - Answer -sponges
Determinate cleavage takes place in ____ and is characterized by a pattern of
development where the ultimate fate of each cell is ____. - Answer -Deuterostomes; not
fixed until late in the developmental process
animal phylum that has an asymmetrical body plan. - Answer -Porifera
If adult sponges are sessile, why can they still be classified as animals? - Answer -
Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicellular, heterotrophic, lack
cell walls and produce sperm cell
primary challenge animals faced in adapting to life on land. - Answer -desiccation
The epidermis of a nematode is derived from the: - Answer -ectoderm
Which group of organisms display radial cleavage during development? - Answer -
deuterostomes
Sponges are believed to have arisen from the ______________because they possess
characteristics of animals. - Answer -choanoflagellates
A grasshopper belongs in the Ecdysozoa clade because of its ability to: - Answer -molt
Because it is an enclosed compartment of fluid under pressure, the coelom can serve
as a _____, which shapes the body of soft animals. - Answer -skeleton
In most protostomes, the blastopore develops into the: - Answer -mouth
Within the phylum Cnidaria, corals are most closely related to which organism? -
Answer -sea anemones
Sponges have specialized cells, but those cells are not organized into: - Answer -organs
or tissue
In scyphozoans, the ____ is the dominant body form. - Answer -medusa
, How do protostomes differ from deuterostomes? - Answer -Protosomes have spiral and
determinate cleavabe, solid masses of mesoderm split to form coelom, and the mouth
developes from blastopore. Deuterostomes have radial and indeterminate cleavage,
folds of archenteron form coelom, and the anus develops from blastopore.
How is a pseudocoelom different from a coelom? - Answer -a coelom is a body cavity
completely within the mesoderm. Apseudocoelom is a cavity between the mesoderm
and the endoderm.
In cnidarians, nematocysts are housed within why type of specialized cell? - Answer -
Cnidocytes (stinging cells)
The ____ gives rise to muscles, bones, and the circulatory system. - Answer -
mesoderm
Cells of the blastula undergo ____, a process that forms and segregates the three germ
layers. - Answer -gastrulation
What term describes how most sponges can produce both male and female gametes? -
Answer -Monoecious (Hermaphrodite)
The rapid appearance of animals in the fossil record occurred during the _________
radiation. - Answer -Cambrian
The cephalic end of an animal is toward its: - Answer -head
Where does digestion in a sponge takes place? - Answer -choanocyte cells.
From an evolutionary perspective, true nerve cells are first seen in the phylum: - Answer
-Cnidaria
Members of the phylum ____ are the simplest organisms with a separate mouth and
anus. - Answer -nematoda
What structure do numerous mollusks use to scrape algae off rocks (or the sides of
aquaria)? - Answer -radula
The Portuguese man-of-war is a colony of hundreds to thousands of: - Answer -
Hydrozoans
Sea anemones, unlike scyphozoans, have a partitioned gastrovascular cavity. This
serves as a means of: - Answer -digesting very large food items
The body wall of cnidarians and ctenophores consist of: - Answer -epidermis, mesoglea,
gastrodermis
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