Tx of anaphylaxis
~ Prevention by knowledge of triggers, carrying EpiPen or Auvi-Q
Sympathomimetics, antihistamines, glucocorticoids
Therapy is symptomatic: To support cardiovascular system, To prevent further
hyperreaction of immune system
Give oxygen immediately
Antihistamine—Prevents r...
NUR3128 Exam 3
Questions and Answers
ACE Inhibitors
✓~ • "pril"
• Reduce afterload
• Drugs of choice for heart failure
• Enhance excretion of sodium and water
• Lower peripheral resistance and reduce blood volume
• Increase cardiac output
Role of the Nurse: ACE Inhibitors
✓~ • Monitor C B C
• Assess for hypotension
• Monitor for impaired kidney function, hyperkalemia, autoimmune disease
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
✓~ • "sartan"
• Actions very similar to A C E inhibitors
• Usually used for patients who are unable to tolerate the adverse effects of A C E
inhibitors
,Diuretics
✓~ • Increase urine flow
• Reduce blood volume and cardiac workload
• Reduce edema and pulmonary congestion
• Prescribed in combination with other drugs
Role of the Nurse: Diuretics
✓~ • Assess renal function
• Monitor electrolyte levels
• Monitor vital signs. intake/output
• Monitor blood glucose and blood-urea nitrogen (B U N)
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
✓~ • Slow heart rate and reduce blood pressure
• Inotropic effect
• Reduce workload of heart
Role of the Nurse: Beta-Adrenergic Blockers (HF)
,✓~ • Monitor for worsening symptoms
• Monitor liver function/hepatic toxicity
• Be aware of contraindications
Cardiac Glycosides
✓~ • Increase force of heartbeat. slow heart rate
• Improve cardiac output
• Second-line treatment for H F
• Narrow therapeutic range
Role of the Nurse: Cardiac Glycosides
✓~ • Evaluate for ventricular dysrhythmias
• Assess renal function
• Monitor for drug interactions
• Know restriction on use with antidiarrheals/antacids
Direct Vasodilators
✓~ • Minor role in H F treatment
• Lower blood pressure
• Relax blood vessels
, Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
✓~ • Block enzyme phosphodiesterase
• Increase calcium for myocardial contraction
• Cause positive inotropic response and vasodilation
• Increase contractility and decrease afterload
• Short-term therapy only
Role of the Nurse: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
✓~ • Assess potassium levels
• Monitor for hypotension
• Assess for renal impairment
• Assess for dysrhythmias
• For I V: Monitor for ventricular dysrhythmias
Patient teaching for HF (a lot of info so probably just have an idea)
✓~ • Therapeutic response time: weeks or months
• Don't use HF meds with other medications. O T Cs. herbals. vitamins
• Monitor sodium intake
• Report weight loss• Report fatigue and muscle cramps
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