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Nursing Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Update 2024/2025.
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Nursing Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Update 2024/2025.

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  • August 5, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • agonist
  • nursing pharmacology exam 1 questions and answers
  • major neurotransmitter of parasympathetic nervous
  • acetylcholine is degraded by
  • neurotransmitters of sympathetic nervous system

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  • Nursing pharmacology
  • Nursing pharmacology

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Nursing Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions And Answers
With Verified Solutions Latest Update 2024/2025.
Major Neurotransmitter of Parasympathetic Nervous System - ANSWER Acetylcholine (ACh)

Acetylcholine is degraded by: - ANSWER Cholinesterase (AChE)

Neurotransmitters of Sympathetic Nervous System - ANSWER Norepinephrine (NE),
Epinephrine, Dopamine

Agonist - ANSWER Mimic Endogenous Receptor Activation

Antagonist - ANSWER Prevent Receptor Activation

Cholinergic Receptor Subtypes - ANSWER NicotinicN, NicotinicM, Muscarinic

Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes - ANSWER Alpha1, Alpha2, Beta1, Beta2

Dopamine Receptors - ANSWER Within Vasculature of Kidney (Dilates Renal BV; Enhance
Renal Perfusion) - Only respond to Dopamine!

Muscarinic Agonist Drugs - ANSWER Activate Muscarinic Receptors

Examples:

Bethanechol (Urecholine)

Pilocarpine (Salagen)

Muscarinic Antagonist Drugs - ANSWER Block ACh Action at Muscarinic Receptors

Example:

Atropine (Atropen)

Nicotinic N Receptor Activation Causes: - ANSWER Release of NE from Adrenal Medulla

Nicotinic M Receptor Activation Causes: - ANSWER Contraction of Skeletal Muscles

Muscarinic Receptor Activation Causes: - ANSWER GI: Increased secretions, contraction, tone,
and motility

Lungs: Increased secretions and bronchoconstriction

CV: Decrease HR, Vasodilation (Decrease BP)

Eye: Miosis and Near Vision Focusing

GU: Contraction of detrusor and relaxation of sphincter (void)

Alpha1 Receptor Activation Causes: - ANSWER Eye: Myadiasis and Far Vision Focusing

CV: Vasoconstriction

,MSO: Ejaculation

GU/Prostate: Contraction

Alpha2 Receptor Activation Causes: - ANSWER Nerve Terminals: Inhibit NE Release

Beta1 Receptor Activation Causes: - ANSWER CV: Increased HR, Force of contraction,
Conduction velocity through AV

Kidney: Release Renin --> Increase BP (Vasoconstriction)

Beta2 Receptor Activation Causes - ANSWER Lungs: Bronchodilation

Uterus: Relaxation

Vessels: Vasodilation

Liver: Promote glycogenolysis

Skeletal Muscle: Enhance contraction

Epinephrine Activates: - ANSWER All Alpha and Beta (NOT DOPAMINE)

Norepinephrine Activates: - ANSWER Alpha1, Alpha2, Beta1

Dopamine Activates: - ANSWER Alpha1, Beta1, Dopamine

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents - ANSWER Block ACh at NicotinicM Receptors

Example

Pancuronium

Succinylcholine (anectine)

Cholinesterase Inhibitors - ANSWER Prevent ACh breakdown

Increase activation of all cholinergic receptors

Examples

Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

Physostigmine (Antilirium)

Donzepril (Aricept)

Galantamine (Razadyne)

Rivastigmine (Exelon)

AEs of Muscarinic Agonists - ANSWER CV: Hypotension, Bradycardia

GI: Abdominal Cramps, Diarrhea, Involuntary Defecation

GU: Rupture if obstructed

, Lungs: Exacerbates asthma (bronchoconstriction)

CV: Bradycardia, Dysrhythmias in hyperthyroid pts

Eye: Retinal Detachment (Sustained contraction)

Bethanechol (Urecholine)

(Class and Use) - ANSWER Muscarinic Agonist

Nonobstructive Urinary Retention

Contraindications for Muscarinic Agonists - ANSWER Pts with low BP/CO

Pts with Gastric Ulcers/Intestinal Obstruction

Pts with Bladder Obstruction

Pts with Asthma

Pts with Hyperthyroidism (NE hypersensitivity)

Pilocarpine (Salagen)

(Class and Use) - ANSWER Muscarinic Agonist

Topical Therapy for Glaucoma (reduces IOP)

Toxicity of Muscarinic Agonists

(Source, Symptom, Treatment) - ANSWER Source: agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors



Symptoms: profuse salivation, lacrimation, visual disturbance, bronschospasm, diarrhea, bradycardia,
hypotension, CV collapse, sweating



Treatment

Atropine + Supportive Therapy

AEs of Muscarinic Antagonist - ANSWER Xerstomia (decreased salivation)

Blurred Vision (far focused)

Photophobia (myadrisis)

Urinary Retention

Constipation

Anhidrosis (decreased sweat)

Tachycardia

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