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A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY
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A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY
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A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDYVirtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through
intracellular __________.
a. ions
b. deactivators
c. second messengers
d. nucleotides - answer- c. second messengers
Chemical Substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that regulate the
metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ___________.
a. proteins
b. antibodies
c. hormones
d. enzymes - answer- c. hormones
The master gland of the endocrine system is the_________.
a. endocrine
b. pituitary
c. adrenal
d. thyroid - answer- b. pituitary
What organ in the body regulates erythropoeisis?
a. brain
b. kidney
c. pancreas
d. liver - answer- b. kidney
Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis?
a. vascular spasm
b. fibrinolysis
c. coagulation
d. platelet plug formation - answer- b. fibrinolysis
The first phase of erythrocyte production is
a. hemoglobin synthesis
b. ejection of the nucleus
c. ribosome synthesis
d. reticulocyte formation - answer- c. ribosome synthesis
,All blood cells develop from
a. hemocytoblasts
b. ejection of the nucleus
c. myeloid stem cells
d. lymphoid stem cells - answer- a. hemocytoblasts
Which of the following cells could develop from a lymphoid stem cell?
a. lymphocyte
b. erythrocyte
c. monocyte
d. any blood cell - answer- a. lymphocyte
The life span of a red blood cell is about
a. 4 days
b. 4 weeks
c. 4 months
d. 4 years - answer- c. 4 months
After hemoglobin is broken down, what part of it enters the liver and becomes bile,
which helps us digest food?
a. globin
b. bilirubin
c. heme
d. ferritin - answer- b. bilirubin
Which of the following structural characteristics contribute to the function of red blood
cells
a. bi-concave shape
b. they contain mostly hemoglobin
c. spectrin in their plasma membrane
d. all of the above - answer- d. all of the above
If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that ________.
a. the AV node would become the pacemaker of the heart
b. the heart rate would increase
c. parasympathetic stimulation would increase, causing a decrease in heart rate
d. the heart would stop, since the vagal nerves trigger the heart to contract - answer- b.
the heart rate would increase
the critical factor controlling stroke volume is
, a. preload
b. afterload
c. contractility
d. sympathetic stimulation - answer- a. preload
Isovolumetric contraction ________.
a. occurs only in people with heart valve defects
b. occurs while the AV valves are open
c. occurs immediately after the aortic and pulmonary valves close
d. refers to the short period during ventricular systole when the ventricles are completely
closed chambers - answer- d. refers to the short period during ventricular systole when
the ventricles are completely closed chambers
The most important factor in the regulation of the heart rate is
a. acidosis
b. autonomic nervous system stimulation
c. stroke volume
d. extracellular calcium levels - answer- b. autonomic nervous system stimulation
Which of the following is not a difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle?
a. cardiac muscle has a longer refractory period
b. cardiac muscle exhibits automaticity
c. cardiac muscle has striations
d. cardiac muscle has gap junctions - answer- c. cardiac muscle has striations
Cardiac muscle cells use _____ ions for the plateau phase of the action potential.
a. calcium
b. potassium
c. sodium
d. chloride - answer- a. calcium
Pressure in the ventricles is greatest when
a. they are filling
b. they are relaxed
c. they are in diastole
d. they are in systole - answer- d. they are in systole
During ventricular systole, AV valves close because
a. atrial pressure decreases
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