Exam (elaborations)
Nursing 172 Quiz 1 with complete solutions graded A+
- Course
- Hondros Nursing 172
- Institution
- Hondros College School Of Nursing
Nursing 172 Quiz 1 with complete solutions graded A+
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Nursing 172 Quiz 1Calcium - correct answer ✔✔Normal range is 8-10 mEq/L
-99% of calcium is found in the bones and teeth and 1% is bound to proteins in the bloodstream.
- regulated by the PTH
- acquired via dietary intake
-calcium has a reciprocal relationship with phosphate
Hypercalcemia - correct answer ✔✔High calcium in the blood. Can be caused by malignancy (bone
cancer), hyperparathyroidism, and excess calcium intake.
Signs and symptoms include:
-muscle weakness
-incoordination
-lethargy
-deep bone pain
-flank pain
-fractures
-N/V
Treatment includes
-increase water intake
-avoid high calcium foods
-prevent fractures
Hypocalcemia - correct answer ✔✔Low calcium in the blood. The most common cause in inadequate
PTH secretion but can also be caused by use of diuretics, severe diarrhea and burns.
, Signs and symptoms include:
-Tetany
-Muscle cramps
- +Trousseau's/Chvostek's signs
- Cardiac Dysrhythmias
- Seizures
* the most dangerous symptom is Laryngospasm
Treatment is with IV and oral calcium supplements
Potassium - correct answer ✔✔Normal range is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Potassium is 98% in the ICF and 2% in the ECF. It is not stored in the body and must be ingested daily.
Potassium influences the skeletal and cardiac muscle
Hyperkalemia - correct answer ✔✔high potassium in the blood.
Causes include:
Hypokalemia - correct answer ✔✔Low potassium in the blood
Causes include:
-GI loss
-Renal loss
-Diuretics
-Increased sweating
-NG Tube suctioning, vomiting, diarrhea
-excessive use of glucosteroids
-Poor intake
Signs and symptoms include:
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