BIO 342 Unit 3 Chapter 9 - Bacterial Genetics Questions with Correct Answers
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Course
Bio 342
Institution
Bio 342
transduction Correct Answer The mechanism of DNA transfer in bacteria where DNA is transferred by phages (bacterial virus)
nicks at specific origin, outer strand peels off and goes through pillis to F- cell while being resynthesized in F+ Correct Answer What is the process of conjugation?
F...
BIO 342 Unit 3 Chapter 9 - Bacterial Genetics
Questions with Correct Answers
transduction Correct Answer ✓✓ The mechanism of DNA transfer in
bacteria where DNA is transferred by phages (bacterial virus)
nicks at specific origin, outer strand peels off and goes through pillis to
F- cell while being resynthesized in F+ Correct Answer ✓✓ What is the
process of conjugation?
F- cells (replicate the F plasmid so the F- cell has one too) Correct
Answer ✓✓ For conjugation, what do F+ cells look for?
0.13 to 14 million bp, e coli has 4.6 million bp Correct Answer ✓✓
What is the genome size range for typical *haploid* bacteria? What
about e coli in particular?
rapid reproduction with lots of progeny, haploid genome so expression
of all mutations, asexual reproduction (genetically pure), easy to grow,
small genomes, medical importance (can make people sick), can isolate
and manipulate genes Correct Answer ✓✓ What are 7 of the advantages
of using bacteria and viruses for genetic studies (as opposed to using
other organisms)?
morphology, nutritional mutants, antibiotic resistance Correct Answer
✓✓ What are the 3 different ways that bacterial phenotypes differ (can
be used to identify different strains/mutants)?
,morphology Correct Answer ✓✓ The differences in size, color, and
growth patterns of bacteria
nutritional mutants Correct Answer ✓✓ The phenotypic difference in
bacteria where there are defects in genes that make synthesizing
enzymes - can identify these mutants by providing them with media
deficient in those enzymes (or can grow them by providing that
substance)
antibiotic resistance Correct Answer ✓✓ The phenotypic difference in
bacteria which is due to genes that make special proteins to protect cell
from chemicals (specific antibiotics)
auxotrophs Correct Answer ✓✓ Bacterial mutants lacking the ability to
grow in minimum medium (typically because of mutants that stop them
from synthesizing necessary enzymes)
minimum media, complete media Correct Answer ✓✓ What is media
called that contains base minimum that a normal bacteria will need to
survive (grow, but not well)? What is media called that has everything a
bacteria would need to grow optimally?
put bacteria on plate with and without nutritional supplement (if it has
the mutant, it won't be able to grow without the supplement) Correct
Answer ✓✓ How can you check to see if a bacteria is a nutritional
mutant?
, 1000 to 4000 bp Correct Answer ✓✓ What is the genome size range for
typical *plasmids*?
supplemental (but beneficial!), few functional genes, replicate
independently, multiple copies per cell Correct Answer ✓✓ What are
four of the characteristics of plasmids we should know?
recombination, needs to match so part of the chromosome is temporarily
diploid Correct Answer ✓✓ This is when bacterial cells exchance DNA
between a total bacterial chromosome and a piece of "extra" DNA -
needs to match the chromosome - *what must the bacterial chromosome
and extra DNA have in common to recombine?*
binary fission Correct Answer ✓✓ How do bacteria typically replicate?
Lederberg, tatum Correct Answer ✓✓ What two scientists determined
that genetic exchange and recombination takes place between two strains
of bacteria?
crossed two strains of bacteria that couldn't survive independently due to
nutritional mutations, when put together were able to recombine and
survive (couldn't be random mutation because so many mutations were
corrected at once) Correct Answer ✓✓ What experiment did Lederberg
and Tatum complete in 1946?
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