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Exam 1 Nursing Semester 3 Questions and Answers 2024( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Exam 1 Nursing Semester 3 Questions and Answers 2024( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Exam 1 Nursing Semester 3purpose of the immune system - ANS immunity is the protection from illness or disease
immunocompetence - ANS is the ability of individual cells to recognize a specific antigen by
binding to it
antigens - ANS proteins able to stimulate an immune response (pollen, virus, bacteria)
What are immune cells responsible for? - ANS differentiating b/t self and nonself cells
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs) - ANS unique protein on the surface of cell membranes and
are specific to an individual ( ex - fingerprint)
identical siblings are the only things that have the same HLAs
self-tolerance - ANS lymphocytes unresponsive to own antigens
general organization of the immune system - ANS most cells come from bone marrow and
produce stem cells
WBCs provide immunity
Leukocytes provide protection through defense mechanisms
phagocytes - ANS White blood cells that attack invading pathogens
T-cells - ANS Cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack infected cells in
the body.
B-cells - ANS a lymphocyte not processed by the thymus gland ( Bone marrow), and
responsible for producing antibodies.
processes necessary for immunity - ANS immunity needs inflammation, antibody-mediated
immunity and cell mediated immunity, full immunity requires the function and interaction of all
three process
three stages of the inflammatory process - ANS stage 1) vascular response
stage 2) cellular exudate
, stage 3) tissue repair/Replacement
Stage 1 Vascular response - ANS injured tissue, leukocytes, tissue mast cell secretes
histamine, serotonin and kinins constricting small veins and dilating arterioles causing redness,
warmth, and edema of tissue
Stage 2 Cellular exudate - ANS puss that forms inside and neutrophilia. dead white blood cells.
leaders = mast cells, baso cell
stage 3 tissue repair and replacement - ANS begins at time of injury
WBCs trigger new blood vessels growth and scar tissue formation
function is lost whenever scar tissue forms
types of antibody-mediated immunity - ANS antibody mediated immunity (humoral immunity)
acquired immunity
natural active immunity
artificial active immunity
passive immunity
artificial passive immunity
natural passive immunity
antibody mediated immunity - ANS an adaptive immunity where body learns to make an
adaptive response to invasion by organisms or foreign proteins
acquired immunity - ANS occurs either naturally or artificially and can be passive or active
natural active immunity - ANS occurs when an antigen enters body naturally w/o human
assistance and your body responds by actively making antibodies against that antigen (
influenza A virus)
artificial active immunity - ANS developed by vaccination or immunization ( used to prevent
serious and potentially deadly illness (tetanus, diphtheria, polio) lasts many years and requires
"boosting"
passive immunity - ANS occurs when antibodies against antigen are transferred to a human
after first being made in body of another human or animal
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