HIUS 221 Exam 2 Jones || with 100% Correct Answers.
Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists correct answers Anti-federalists opposed the founding of a strong
national government and wanted a bill of rights.
Federalists wanted a strong central government but no bill of rights.
Federalists vs. Democratic- Republicans correct answers Federalists were pro-Britsh, favored
national bank and protective tariffs, loose interpretation of the Constitution, emphasis on
manufacturing, shipping, and trade, strong gov led by industry and wealthy, LED BY ALEX
HAMILTON
Dem-Repubs were pro-French, opposed national bank and tariffs, emphasis on agriculture,
strong gov led by common man, LED BY JEFFERSON
XYZ affair correct answers a US peace envoy went to France to keep peace by talking to the
interim govt., however, the French directory required $250,000 for an audience. US refused,
tensions get warlike so Adams expands Navy Branches
Fort McHenry correct answers War of 1812, successfully defended Baltimore harbor from an
attack by the British Navy in Chesapeake Bay, inspired star spangled banner
American relations with Britain and France correct answers trade/ tensions
Demise of the Federalist Party correct answers the poor reputation of the Adams Admin.,
Hamilton's death, and most importantly the fact that they failed to relate well with the common
American
Key results of the Revolution correct answers 25,000 Americans died
37,000 British died
80 million in debt
shock to Britain/ blow to ego
large free slave population created
loyalist slaved back into slavery
Key British acts discussed between 1763-1774 correct answers Sugar Act, Stamp Act,
Declaratory Act, Townsend Duties, Tea Act, Coercive Acts
Lexington and Concord correct answers huge battles fought in 1775 that basically began the
American Revolutionary War, fought between the 100's of British and the 50-70 colonists who
stopped Brits in Concord
Patrick Henry correct answers led the opposition to the Stamp Act of 1765 and is well
remembered for his eventual "Give me Liberty or Give me Death!" speech (1765)
Eli Whitney correct answers invented cotton gin
, Hessian Mercenaries correct answers German auxiliaries contracted for military service by the
British, which found it easier to borrow money to pay for their service than to recruit its own
soldiers. About 30,000 German soldiers fought for the British during the Revolutionary War,
making up a quarter of all the soldiers the British sent. They fought in their own traditional
uniforms under their usual officers and their own flags. They were under the overall command of
British generals. They had no stake in America therefore did not fight as hard for the effort.
American patriots propaganda presented the soldiers as foreign mercenaries with no stake in
America. Hessian prisoners of war were put to work on local farms and were offered land
bounties to desert and join the Americans. Some did, while most returned to Germany.
Role of African-Americans during the Revolution correct answers had to choose sides- more
were inclined to support British because they offered immediate emancipation (So did
Americans but only after a year of service) about 20-25% joined Brits) after war, lots were
recirculated into slavery
Treaty of Paris 1783 correct answers -Recognition of US independence
disputed land between Appalachians and Mississippi handed over
-Signed 2 years after the battle of Yorktown and officially ended the war
-Remained trade partners
Baron Von Steuben correct answers -Prussian military officer who served as inspector general
and major General of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He is
credited with being one of the fathers of the Continental Army in teaching them the essentials of
military drills, tactics and disciples.
Struggles of the 2nd Continental Congress correct answers -No money/weak government
-Money difficult to come up with, lack of supplies, fighting against greatest Empire (odds against
them),
-Americans outnumbered, fighting against greatest navy, army ranked largest and large amount
of tories
John Burgoyne correct answers -Brit officer in Seven Years War and served in rev war- He
designed an invasion scheme and was appointed to command a force moving south from Canada
to split away New England and end the rebellion. Burgoyne advanced from Canada but his slow
movement allowed the Americans to concentrate their forces. Instead of coming to his aid
according to the overall plan, the British Army in New York City moved south to capture
Philadelphia. Surrounded, Burgoyne fought two small battles near Saratoga to break out.
Trapped by superior American forces, with no relief in sight, Burgoyne surrendered his entire
army of 6200 men on October 17, 1777
John Dickinson correct answers -encouraged protests- known as the "Penman of the Revolution"
for his twelve Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, published individually in 1767 and 1768.
As a member of the First Continental Congress Dickinson drafted the 1774 Petition to the King
and as a member of the Second Continental Congress wrote the 1775 Olive Branch Petition, two
attempts to negotiate with the King of England.
