Treatments that place individuals at increased risk for infection - Precise Answer Chemotherapy treatments including high-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, docetaxel, or alemtuzumab.
Colony stimulating factors (CSF) - Precise Answer **GM-CSF : growth factor for hematopoietic stem cells and gra...
Treatments that place individuals at increased risk for infection - Precise
Answer ✔✔Chemotherapy treatments including high-dose
cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, docetaxel, or alemtuzumab.
Colony stimulating factors (CSF) - Precise Answer ✔✔**GM-CSF :
growth factor for hematopoietic stem cells and granulocyte/monocytes
**M-CSF (macrophage): essential for macrophage production
**G-CSF (granulocyte) :essential for neutrophils
**Erythropoietin (EPO): growth factor for RBC
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)
Tbo-filgrastim (Granix) - Precise Answer ✔✔Common side effects:
mild to moderate bone pain
Used to patients at risk of experiencing treatment induced neutropenia
Major benefit: reducing the possibility of myelosuppression and
permitting the continuation of therapeutic chemotherapy doses
Filgrastim (Neupogen) - Precise Answer ✔✔Dose: 5 µg per kilogram
per day. Begin 24 to 72 hours after completion of chemotherapy and
continue through the post nadir period.
,Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) - Precise Answer ✔✔That was: 6 mg per cycle.
Again 1 to 3 days post chemotherapy. Administer as a single 6 mg
injection once per cycle. Do not administer in the period beginning 14
days before until 24 hours after administration of chemotherapy.
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for infection - Precise Answer ✔✔Low risk:
no prophylaxis Recommended unless the patient has prior herpes
simplex virus episode.
Intermediate risk:
Bacterial: consider Fluoroquinolone
Fungal: consider fluconazole during neutropenia and if mucositis is
anticipated
Viral: during neutropenia and at least 30 days after transplantation
High risk:
Bacterial: consider fluoroquinolone
Fungal: consider fluconazole or other anti-fungal agent
Viral: during neutropenia and at least 30 days after transplantation
Graft versus host disease: penicillin andtrimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole
(tmp/smx) Or equivalent for allogenic heamatopoetic Stem cell
transplant recipients
Alemtuzumab: TMP/SMX
,Complete diagnostic work up for neutropenic fever - Precise Answer
✔✔Blood cultures: bacterial, viral, and fungal
BUN, electrolytes, and creatinine
Chest x-ray
CBC and differential
Liver function test
Pulse oximetry
Site-specific cytology and cultures
Urinanalysis
aplastic anemia - Precise Answer ✔✔a normocytic-normochromic type
of anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red
blood cells
hemolytic anemia - Precise Answer ✔✔characterized by an inadequate
number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of
red blood cells by the spleen
deficiency anemia - Precise Answer ✔✔anemia caused by lack of
necessary nutrients
B12, folate, and iron
Microcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ total iron-binding capacity
(TIBC), and normal or ↑ ferritin. - Precise Answer ✔✔cells smaller than
normal
Iron deficiency
macrocytic anemia - Precise Answer ✔✔due to folate or vitamin
B12(cobalamin) deficiency (megaloblastic anemia), THF-M --> VitB12-
M --> Methionine, (transfer of methyl groups)
erythrpoietin (EPO) - Precise Answer ✔✔Stimulates development of
RBC production
Triggered to release by reduced oxygen level of RBC mass trigger from
the kidney
Labs to check in anemia - Precise Answer ✔✔CBC with diff
Peripheral smear
Reticulocyte count
Iron studies: serum iron, total iron binding capacity, ferritin
Vitamin B 12
Full eight red cell
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