NR 546 Midterm Exam Questions
and Answers Latest Update
2024/2025
1. What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical
restraints? - ANS ✔-allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in the
chemical restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
2. Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic
reaction or adverse side effects to the drugs used for chemical
restraint? - ANS ✔No.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed medications and
the standing order for chemical restraints is approved. The PMHNP and
other staff are not liable if the patient has an allergic reaction or adverse
side effects.
3. How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide
the PMHNP in selecting medication for clients? - ANS ✔-Genetic
testing can assist by providing more information on how clients may
respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and metabolize
medications based on the cytochrome P450 system.
4. Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to
determine the presence of an inherited link for schizophrenia
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,NR 546 Midterm Exam
and why one twin may develop schizophrenia when the other
does not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't
both persons develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical
Danish twins found that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other
twin had a 50% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia
(Lemvigh et al., 2020). Why is there only half the risk? - ANS
✔Both environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental
health. Although twins may have identical genes, their gene
expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on" that
should have been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia and not the
other.
5. Central sulcus - ANS ✔separates the frontal lobe from the parietal
lobe
6. Frontal lobe - ANS ✔associated with movement, intelligence,
abstract thinking
7. Broca's area - ANS ✔speech production
8. Temporal lobe - ANS ✔involves object identification and auditory
signals
9. Cerebellum - ANS ✔coordination
10. Wernicke's area - ANS ✔speech comprehension
11. Occipital lobe - ANS ✔primary visual area
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,NR 546 Midterm Exam
12. Parietal lobe - ANS ✔keeps us alert to what is going on
around us
13. Sensory cortex - ANS ✔pain, heat, and other sensations
14. Motor cortex - ANS ✔movement
15. Hippocampus - ANS ✔involved in both memory and anxiety
16. Nucleus acumens - ANS ✔involved in the reward process
17. Thalamus - ANS ✔involved in sensory organ and motor
command processing
18. Striatum - ANS ✔involved in complex motor actions, also links
cognition to motor actions
19. Limbic system - ANS ✔includes circuits that are associated
with pleasure and reward
20. Basal ganglia - ANS ✔group of structures involved in
voluntary motor movements
21. Amygdala - ANS ✔involved in emotional regulation and
perception of odours
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, NR 546 Midterm Exam
22. Corpus callosum - ANS ✔controls the communication
between the two brain hemispheres
23. White matter - ANS ✔contains nerve fibres that connect
neurons from different regions into functional circuits
24. Grey matter - ANS ✔contains nerve cells and dendrites
25. Brain tissue - ANS ✔made up of grey matter and white matter
26. Dorsal striatum - ANS ✔involved in complex motor actions
and linkage of cognition to motor actions
-main input area for basal ganglia
*Activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
27. The field of epigenetics is rapidly growing and can help
explain how gene expression is: - ANS ✔influenced by
environmental factors and how epigenetics contributes to the
manifestation of mental illness
28. How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? -
ANS ✔internal or external factors activate portions of the genome
that result in the manifestation of mental health symptoms
-activation is often a result of a stressful event, which, when combined with
the genetic risk, results in the disease
-genes being on or off
-occurrence of symptoms may be the result of inheritance of an abnormal
gene or of normal genes being "on" when they should be "off."
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