Exam (elaborations)
GRADED A+ 2024 BIO 1108 (HERRICK) EXAM 2 WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
- Course
- Institution
GRADED A+ 2024 BIO 1108 (HERRICK) EXAM 2 WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
[Show more]
Content preview
GRADED A+ 2024 BIO 1108(HERRICK) EXAM 2 WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
what is the photosynthesis equation? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCO2 + H2O --->
C6H12O6 + CO2
steps of the Calvin cycle - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. carboxylation
2. reduction
3. regeneration
why does CO2 uptake result in water loss? - CORRECT-ANSWERSwhen
stomata open, water vapor escapes (water vapor molecules diffuse into
areas of lower concentration)
transpiration - CORRECT-ANSWERSloss of water vapor from leaves
stomata - CORRECT-ANSWERSpores in epidermis that allows CO2 to diffuse
into the leaf; consists of two guard cells surrounding a central pore; guard
cells can shrink or swell controlling opening
CAM plants (photosynthesis adaptation) - CORRECT-ANSWERSCAM
photosynthesis; use nocturnal CO2 storage to avoid water loss during the
day for plants who live in arid climates
C4 plants (photosynthesis adaptation) - CORRECT-ANSWERSsuppress
photorespiration by increasing the concentration of CO2 in the immediate
vicinity of rubisco
-do this by initially capturing CO2 in mesophyll cells by means of PEP
carboxylase which produces a 4-carbon organic acid that diffuse through
plasmodesmsts into bundle sheaths
-once inside, 4-carbon compounds are decarboxylated, releasing CO2
-cycle is completed as a 3-carbon molecule diffuses back into mesophyll cells
-operates faster than calvin cycle
-includes: pineapple, corn, sugarcane, wheat
parenchyma - CORRECT-ANSWERSundifferentiated, thin-walled cells in the
interior; compose most of interior
,phloem - CORRECT-ANSWERSdifferentiated vascular tissue; between xylem
and vascualr bundle; transports carbohydrates from leaves to the rest of the
plant body
xylem - CORRECT-ANSWERSdifferentiated DEAD vascular tissue; on the
interior, transports water from roots to the leaves
treachery elements - CORRECT-ANSWERSpart of xylem: tracheids and vessel
elements
photosynthesis - CORRECT-ANSWERSbiochemical process for building
carbohydrates using energy from sunlight and carbon dioxide taken from the
air
reduction (in photosynthesis) - CORRECT-ANSWERSmolecules acquires
electrons and gains energy
oxidation - CORRECT-ANSWERSmolecules loses electrons and releases
energy
what is being reduced in the photosynthesis equation? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCO2 ---> C6H12O6
what is being oxidized in the photosynthesis equation? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSH2O ---> O2
who is the electron donor? - CORRECT-ANSWERSwater; oxygen is
transformed as a by product
photosynthetic electron transport chain - CORRECT-ANSWERSseries of
reactions that links oxidation of water to reduction of carbon dioxide
where is the electron transport chain located? - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe
thylakoid membrane
where does the light cycle occur? - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe grana
calvin cycle - CORRECT-ANSWERSsugars are synthesized from CO2
calvin cycle requires: - CORRECT-ANSWERStwo molecules of NADH and three
molecules of ATP for each CO2 incorporated into carbohydrates
carboxylation - CORRECT-ANSWERSCO2 +(rubisco)+ RuBP = 2(3-PGA)
, -the addition of CO2 to the 5-carbon compound RuBP
rubisco - CORRECT-ANSWERScatalyzes carboxylation reaction which
originally would take a long time
reduction (in Calvin cycle) - CORRECT-ANSWERS3-PGA---(ATP and NAPH)---->
triode phosphate
-NADPH transfers two electrons and one proton; inorganic phosphate is
released
regeneration - CORRECT-ANSWERStriose phosphate -------(ATP)----> RuBP ---
> beginning of cycle
-(regeneration of RuBP) a multistep process where 3-carbon compounds are
reorganized and combined to produce RuBP
light reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERSwater is broken apart in the chlorophyll
molecule into H+ and OH- ions in the presence of light, resulting in the
formation of NADPH and ATP
photosystems - CORRECT-ANSWERSPSI and PSII; protein-pigmented
complexes; the functional and structural unit that absorbs light energy and
uses it to drive electron transport
chlorophyll light absorption - CORRECT-ANSWERSz-scheme; absorption of
visible light by an antenna chlorophyll results in the transfer of energy to an
electron in a neighboring chlorophyll molecule
reaction center - CORRECT-ANSWERSconfigured pair of chlorophyll molecules
where energy is transfered to, then converted to chemical energy (from
antennae chlorophyll)
PSII - CORRECT-ANSWERSenergizes electrons to the beginning go the
electron transport chain; when it loses an electron, it is able to pull electrons
from water
PSI - CORRECT-ANSWERSenergizes electrons with a second input of light
energy so that they can be used to reduce NADP+
cytochrome-b6f complex - CORRECT-ANSWERSwhere electrons pass between
photosystems
cyclic electron transport - CORRECT-ANSWERSelectrons from PSI are
redirected from ferredoxin back into the electron transport chain
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Elitaa. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82191 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now