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BIOS 255 Comprehensive ExamWhat is homeostasis? - answersmaintenance of a stable internal environment with the
contribution of all organ systems
What are the components of a homeostatic mechanism? - answers-Stimulus
-Receptors
-Control center
-Effector
-Response
What is a negative feedback mechanism? - answersBody REVERSES, or goes against,
an original stimulus to return to homeostasis
Example: Blood glucose regulation after eating.
What is a positive feedback mechanism? - answersAmplifies the change from the
normal level. (Agrees with the change)
Example: Childbirth, blood clotting
What feedback mechanism is most common? - answersnegative
Inferior - answersBelow; at a lower level
Superior - answersAbove; higher level
Lateral - answersSide; Away from the midline of the body
Proximal - answersCloser to the point of attachment
, Distal - answersFather away from the point of attachment
Medial - answersToward the midline of the body
Sagittal - answersdivides body into left and right
Transverse - answersDivides body into upper and lower parts
Anterior - answerstoward the front of the body
Posterior - answerstoward the back of the body
Frontal plane - answersDivides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back)
portions.
Which part of the atom is involved in chemical reactions? - answersElectrons
Which part of the atom makes up the atomic number? - answersProtons
pH scale - answersMeasurement of hydrogen ion concentration
- pH < 7: Acidic
-pH > 7: Alkaline (basic)
-pH = 7: neutral
What is the main function on rough endoplasmic reticulum? - answersProtein synthesis
What kind of cell division results in a diploid, increasing the number of cells? -
answersMitosis
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - answers23 pairs
What kind of cell division results in a haploid? - answersMeiosis
Meiosis I - answersSplits genetic material in half, producing a diploid
Meiosis II - answersSeparates sister chromatids
-four haploid daughter cells
-develop into egg or sperm
Prophase - answersChromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle
forms
Metaphase - answersChromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase - answersChromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
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