100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
PEDS Exam 2 Review Questions and Answers $12.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

PEDS Exam 2 Review Questions and Answers

 6 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • PEDS
  • Institution
  • PEDS

PEDS Exam 2 Review Questions and Answers Leukemia Treatment - Answer-*Four phases of chemo: 1. Induction 2. CNS prophylaxis 3. Consolidation (then delayed intensification) 4. Maintenance (prevent remission)- can last a LONG time, 18 months - 2 years Radiation to brain may or may need *...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 17  pages

  • August 3, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • PEDS
  • PEDS
avatar-seller
Scholarsstudyguide
PEDS Exam 2 Review Questions
and Answers

Leukemia Treatment - Answer-*Four phases of chemo:
1. Induction
2. CNS prophylaxis
3. Consolidation (then delayed intensification)
4. Maintenance (prevent remission)- can last a LONG time, 18 months - 2 years

Radiation to brain may or may need

*HSCT:
AML in FIRST remission (check for a match right away)
ALL in SECOND remission (only go to transplant if they relapse)

Leukemia Prognosis Factors - Answer-1. WBCs @ diagnosis = (ALL) white cell <
50,000 usually do better
2. Age = less than 1 OR older than 10 HIGH RISK
3. Response to initial treatment = if in remission after first 4 weeks, move on to easier
treatment plan/ lower risk (if not responding, will need more intense chemo)

Iron Deficient Anemia Screening Lab Studies - Answer-*Hbg < 11 (if slightly low, may be
no S/S- dietary teaching)
*MCV = microcytic = small cells
*MCH = hypochromic = pale color

Reticulocyte count LOW
TIBC HIGH

Sickle Cell Disease - Answer-Abnormal sickle cell Hgb S replaces normal Hgb A

Both parents have to have trait (autosomal recessive)
Many people just have trait = might see mild anemia
(Babies may have delayed onset of symptoms for 4-6 months due to fetal Hgb)

*RBCs "sickled" = rigid, obstruct capillary blood flow
*Anemia, peripheral clotting, obstructions, ischemia, PAIN

SCD Lab Tests - Answer-All babies screened @ birth!
*Hemoglobin electrophoresis = definitive test. Tells if you have disease or trait and what
TYPE of Hgb
*Sickledex = screening tool (not able to tell if have disease or just trait)

,CBC- to detect anemia

Vaso-Occlusive Crisis - Answer-PAIN crisis of SCD. Most common crisis

*TRIGGERS- dehydration, temp extremes, high altitude, infection, stress

*Extreme pain- Ischemia is causing pain! Usually in bones, joints, sometimes abdomen.
Swelling of joints. Can develop blood in urine, avascular necrosis

Splenic Sequestration - Answer-SCD Crisis. *Life threatening- blood trapped in spleen

Sickle cells block blood vessels in spleen
Blood is not able to get out, spleen gets larger
Spleen can't do job (filter blood/ get infections OUT)
*One of main reasons why SCD high risk of infections!!!

Child usually has functional asplenia by 5 years old
Prophylactic antibiotics
Many children have spleen removed


Cardiac Cath - Answer-PRE:
-NPO 4-6 hours (sometimes clear liquids)
-Allergies- esp. iodine/ shellfish (dye), prior sedation history
-Baseline circulation + patient teaching
POST:
-*pressure for 5 mins, then pressure dressing placed
-LAY FLAT and bedrest for 6 hours- difficult for kids
-Encourage fluids = get dye out
-Minimal activity for 24 hours
-Prevent vomiting- don't want increased pressure

General Heart Defects S/S - Answer-*Heart murmur
*Cyanosis (as soon as cord is cut)
*Tachycardia - heart tries to compensate by beating faster
*Diaphoresis- classic sign of heart issue
*Poor weight gain (too tired to feed)
Delayed cap refill
Diminished pulses

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) - Answer-INCREASED PULM BLOOD FLOW
LEFT to RIGHT SHUNT- more blood to lungs
Patent = DA stays open, pressure on LEFT side higher, more blood to lungs

*Machinery murmur, wide pulse pressures, BOUNDING pulses, HIGH risk for
respiratory infections

, *IV Indomethacin (decreases need for surgery)
Cardiac cath or surgery

Arterial Septal Defect (ASD) - Answer-INCREASED PULM BLOOD FLOW
HOLE in atrium = L to R shunt = more blood to lungs

*Loud, harsh murmur, easy tiring, poor growth, CHF

Small = can resolve by 4 yo (do nothing)
Severe = patch/ occlude (CC, surgery)

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - Answer-INCREASED PULM BLOOD FLOW
HOLE in ventricle = L to R shunt = more blood to lungs
*most common defect

*Loud, harsh murmur @ LEFT STERNAL BORDER

Most small close within 6 months
Closure surgery usually > 1 yr

Pulmonary Stenosis - Answer-OBSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMIC BLOOD FLOW
Pulm valve NARROWS = OBSTRUCTS blood flow to pulm artery
-DECREASED volume in RV
-DECREASED cardiac output (low pressure AFTER narrowing)
-HYPERTROPHY of RV (high pressure BEFORE narrowing)

*MURMUR, thrill, CYANOSIS (decreased CO)
Range from asymptomatic to cardiomegaly/ HF

Corrections depend on severity
Mild = do nothing
Moderate = cardiac cath, balloon
Severe = surgical valvotomy or resection

Coarctation of the Aorta (COA) - Answer-OBSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMIC BLOOD FLOW
NARROWING of Aorta- heart has to pump harder to force blood through narrow portion.
*Obstructed blood to LOWER extremities- more S/S here

*4 Quadrant BPs- lower BP distally, in lower extremities (hypotension in general)

S/S: cool skin, weak/ absent femoral pulses

Usually prefer to do surgery- high rate of reoccurrence

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) - Answer-OBSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMIC
BLOOD FLOW

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Scholarsstudyguide. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

83662 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$12.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart