BLAW 341 Final
Impede our ability to make decisions - ✔✔What do biases and heuristics do
Prejudice in favor of one idea over another (harmful, close-minded) - ✔✔Bias
Approach to problem solving that is sufficient for an immediate or short-term goal -
✔✔Heuristic
Decisions that match with our perceived ethical values and aspirations - ✔✔Optimal
No - ✔✔Are humans rational decision makers?
By being conscious of limitations of human cognition - ✔✔How can humans make
more ethical decisions?
Humans tend to do what they are told to (Wired to be obedient to others), Hierarchies -
✔✔Obedience to authority
100%
People told to shock innocent person for experiment. Expected less than 1%, got 65%
- ✔✔Lynn Stout Experiement
Tendency to take cues for behavior from others rather than ourselves - ✔✔What is
Conformity Bias?
Strong desire to get along with peers - ✔✔What is one consequence of Conformity
Bias?
It may lead individuals to stay silent about legal matters - ✔✔How can Conformity
Bias affect decision-making in legal matters?
It can cause individuals to lose their moral compass - ✔✔What is another
consequence of Conformity Bias?
, Individuals see their own choices and behaviors as similar to others, difficult to see
through dishonesty - ✔✔What is the False Consensus Effect?
It increases self-esteem and encourages - ✔✔How does the False Consensus Effect
affect self-esteem?
If we think we are honest, we assume others must be honest too - ✔✔What is an
example of the False Consensus Effect?
Irrational assessment of own abilities - ✔✔What is overconfidence?
They rate themselves well above average in most traits, including honesty, take
excessive risks, and accept their own decisions without moral reflection - ✔✔How do
individuals with overconfidence behave?
Individuals seek out and retain information that conforms to their preferred world view. -
✔✔What is self-serving bias?
100%
People hold beliefs long after they have been discredited, interpret things to support
their viewpoint, and take more responsibility for success and less for failure. - ✔✔How
does self-serving bias manifest in beliefs?
Doctors may view a drug in a more favorable light if they receive gifts or company
benefits. - ✔✔How can self-serving bias influence doctors' views on drugs?
Risk preferences change if asked as potential loss or gain. - ✔✔How can framing
affect risk preferences?
Decision framed as win or lose can encourage people to cut corners and neglect
honesty and integrity. - ✔✔What impact can framing have on decision-making?
Can significantly change how people answer a question - ✔✔Framing
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