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WX 301 FINAL TEST
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WX 301 FINAL TESTGlobally, TS are most common - ANSWER Over tropical land masses
to get a thunderstorm, we need each of the following three conditions - ANSWER
Unstable air, a lifting mechanism, and low-level moisture
over tropical oceans, most TS occur - ANSWER just before dawn
An air mass TS has mostly updrafts and surface flow toward the storm at the
__________ stage - ANSWER cumulus
TS is most common over Iowa - ANSWER around sunset
In the US, most thunderstorms occur in____over____ - ANSWER Summer,
Florida
An air mass TS typically lasts - ANSWER 30-60 minutes
Near a dissipating air mass TS with precipitation, the horizontal surface airflow
near the TS is typical - ANSWER away from the TS
Cumulonimbus means - ANSWER heaped rain-producing clouds
when flying at night, the best way to be alerted that severe TS are within 50 miles
of me is - ANSWER frequent lightning
The outer edge of the expanding cold air below a thunderstorm is called -
ANSWER the outflow boundary
TS over the desert southwest are most common during - ANSWER mid-afternoon
At the outer edge of the expanding cold air (near a TS) we find the - ANSWER
gust front
For a multi-cell TS with low level flow from the south, new cells typically form -
ANSWER south of the mature cell
Severe super cell TS comprise about _____% of all TS - ANSWER 1%
,Severe supercell convection is most common - ANSWER over the great plains
during late afternoon and evening in April-June
A shelf cloud is - ANSWER a shelf-like cloud that forms above a gust front in the
updraft south of a multi-cell TS
Compared with air mass TS, multi and supercell TS - ANSWER have more vertical
shear
what does the supercell have that a multicell storm lacks? - ANSWER rotation
For a sever supercell TS to form over the great plains, one would expect the 5,000
AGL wind to be - ANSWER 190/45
Severe convection is most likely when the atmosphere is warm and ____near the
surface and cold and _____dry aloft, with ____vertical wind shear - ANSWER
moist, dry, strong
Supercell thunderstorms are most conmon - ANSWER in the warm sector, east of
the cold front
A supercell storm is embedded in an average tropospheric flow from 230 the storm
will move to the - ANSWER East
The low-level jet commonly occurs at a level of around______ AGL and is
strongest in the ______ - ANSWER 5,000ft, evening
A wall cloud is - ANSWER a rotating cloud hanging below the main base of a
supercell
In the wind profile of a supercell TS - ANSWER The DDD gets bigger and the
velocity increases
In a downdraft, cold air descends, hits the ground and spreads out horizontally. The
leading edge of the expanding cold air is called the_________ - ANSWER out flow
boundry
The flanking line is a line of towering cumulus clouds on the ______ side of a
_______ thunderstorm - ANSWER south, supercell
A squall line commonly forms - ANSWER along the dry line east of the cold front
,or along the cold front
West of the strongest squall-line precipitation, I would most likely find - ANSWER
lighter precipitation in a trailing stratiform region
Severe squall-line weather is most commonly found along the____edges of a cold
frontal band - ANSWER eastern and southern
A Doppler radar measures - ANSWER precipitation intensity and air speed to/from
the radar
Mesoscale convective complexes form in _____ beneath______ - ANSWER
July-September, and upper level ridge
Mesoscale convective complexes over the US are most common - ANSWER over
the great plains in July/August
The most likely vertical wind profile associated with a Mesoscale convective
complex is - ANSWER moderate southerly at the surface, lighter variable winds
higher up
Tornadoes are most common in (month range) - ANSWER April to June
Which of the following phenomena are not associated with tornados - ANSWER
air mass TS
warning of an imminent tornado is provided by - ANSWER a hook echo in radar
imagery and the appearance of a wall cloud
Most severe tornado damage is related to - ANSWER suction vortices
For a tornado moving toward the NE, the strongest tornado winds will be on the
_____ side of the tornado - ANSWER southeast
Tornado wind speed is estimated using the _____ scale - ANSWER Fujita
Suction Vortices are - ANSWER smaller vortices within a tornado funnel
small hail is most common - ANSWER over high ground in the western half of the
country
A weak echo region signifies - ANSWER powerful updraft and chance of large hail
, large hail (>.75") is most common - ANSWER over the great plains
Severe supercell thunderstorms with large hail, are mostly found - ANSWER over
the great plains in the spring
What is the correct sequence of a lightning stroke - ANSWER stepped leader,
return stroke, thunder
what is the most visible part of a lightning stroke? - ANSWER the return stroke
Flying at low levels through a micro burst, I will experience a _______ followed by
a _________ - ANSWER headwind, tailwind
If I have to fly at 35000ft around a severe supercell TS over the great plains, the
safest side is - ANSWER the west side
Above a TS anvil, turbulence is most commonly found - ANSWER near and down
stream of the overshooting top
Severe TS are likely for K-index values - ANSWER above about 50
WE can get information about the lifted index and the k-index from - ANSWER a
LI/K-index chart
The temperature at Prescott is 76.4 degrees F and the dew point is 50 degrees F.
Cumulus clouds will have their base closest to ______ AGL - ANSWER 6000ft
Rising parcels of air inside a cumulus cloud, cool at - ANSWER the saturated
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