Error Budget formula - ✔️✔️Error Budget = 100% - SLO
error budget calculation - ✔️✔️SLO = 99.8%
100% - 99.8% = 0.2%
.2% Error Budget
.2% = 0.002
0.002 X 30 day/month
X 24 hours/day
X 60 minutes/hour =
86.4 minutes/month
Availability formula - ✔️✔️Availability = Successful Requests / Total Requests
,Why error budgets are good? - ✔️✔️Releasing new features
Expected system changes
Inevitable failure in networks, etc
Planned downtime
Risky experiments
Unforseen circumstances
Toil - ✔️✔️Work tied to running a production service that tends
to be manual, repetitive, automatable, tactical, devoid of enduring value, and that scales linearly as a
service grows."
Characteristics of Toil - ✔️✔️Manual: This characteristic extends to include the
running of a script, which, although it saves
time must still be run by hand.
Repetitive: If a task is repeated multiple times, not just
once or twice, then the work is toil.
Automatable: If the task can be done by a machine just as well as by a person, you can consider it toil.
Tactical: Toil, by its very nature, is not proactive or
strategy-driven. Rather, it is reactive and
interrupt-driven, e.g., pager alerts.
Devoid of enduring value: Tasks that contribute to adding a permanent improvement to the service are
not considered toil, but work that does not change the state is.
Scales linearly as service grows: The best designed service can grow by at least one order of magnitude
without change; tasks that scale up with service size or traffic are toil.
Overhead - ✔️✔️Email, Expense report, Commuting, Meetings, actions which are not tied to production
service
Toil Reduction Benefits - ✔️✔️• Increased engineering time
• Higher team morale, lower burnout
, • Increased process standardization
• Enhanced team technical skills
• Fewer human error outages
• Shorter incident response times
3 Top Tips for Reducing Toil - ✔️✔️Identify toil, Estimate time to automate, Measure everything
White-Box monitoring - ✔️✔️Metrics exposed by the internals of
the system
• Focus on predicting problems
• Heavy use recommended
• Best for detecting imminent issues
Black-Box monitoring - ✔️✔️Testing externally visible behavior as
a user would see it
• Symptom-oriented, active problems
• Moderate use of critical issues
• Best for paging of incidents
Metrics - ✔️✔️Numerical measurements representing attributes and events
Error Budget Burn Rate - ✔️✔️Error Budget Burn Rate = 100% - SLO X (Events over set time)
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