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NUR3125 Hypertension Study set Exam@
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NUR3125 Hypertension Study setExam@ 2024-2025
normal arterial blood pressure range - Answer systolic: 100-125
diastolic: 70-80
best blood pressure 120/82
How many drugs are required for an average patient with HT? - Answer 2.5 drugs
formula for arterial pressure - Answer AP= CO (cardiac output) x PR (peripheral
vascular resistance)
Catecholemines - Answer dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, tachycardia
What receptors do cetecholemines innervate? - Answer beta 1 adrenergic receptors
Starling's law - Answer the degree of stroke volume is driven by the degree of stretch in
the myocardium
increase in stretch= increase in pressure = increase in stroke volume (rubber band
analogy)
preload - Answer - amount of fluid returning to the heart from the vena cava
- determined by sodium
- central venous pressure
Describe the process occuring in the juxtaglomerular apparatus. - Answer - volume
depletion signals the kidneys to kick in
- stimulates the release of aldosterone
- stimulates release of renin
- renin releases angiotensin 1
- ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
afterload - Answer - how hard the heart has to contract to push out enough blood
- systemic vascular resistance
- increase in afterload = increase in cardiac workload = increase in blood pressure
drugs corresponding to afterload - Answer ACE inhibitors (peripheral relaxation)
drugs corresponding to preload - Answer diuretics (decrease sodium)
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