N450 Lab SG-Questions with Correct Answers/Verified/ Latest Update 2024/2025
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Course
N450
Institution
N450
How is acid base status of the body regulated? -️️Buffers
Resp system (PaCO2)
Renal system (HCO3-)
What are buffers? -️️weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent
sharp, sudden changes in pH
What is the pH buffer formula? -️️H+ + HCO3- <-> H2CO3 ...
What happens to K in acidosis and alkalosis? - ✔️✔️In acidosis, H+ moves into the cell to buffer and
K+ leaves cell, causing hyper K
In alkalosis, K+ is going into the cell, causing alkalosis
What happens if you are hyper K+? - ✔️✔️more K is secreted and excreted in into the urine, leaving
more h+ which leads to acidosis
vice versa with hypo k
Venous CO2 vs PaCO2? - ✔️✔️venous is indirect measure, 2 mEq more
Why take arterial blood in an ABG? - ✔️✔️determine acid base balance
determine oxygen status
helps determine CO
What is the normal PaCO2? - ✔️✔️35-45 mmHg
What is the normal HCO3? - ✔️✔️24-28 mEq
What is the normal base excess? - ✔️✔️-2 to +2
What is the normal PaO2? - ✔️✔️80-100 mmHg
What is the normal SaO2? - ✔️✔️95-100%
, What is pulse oximetry? - ✔️✔️noninvasive measurement of peripheral arterial hemoglobin O2
saturation
What is a capnography? - ✔️✔️noninvasive measurement of end tidal CO2, arterial CO2
What is carbon dioxide and bicarbonate? - ✔️✔️CO2 is respiratory, more is acidotic
Bicarb is metabolic, less is acidotic
What are the symptoms of acidemia? - ✔️✔️Decreased BP
Tachy
HA
Confusion
Asterixis
Coma
What is the CO2 range for acidosis --> alkalosis? - ✔️✔️60 to 40 to 20
What is the HCO3 range for acidosis --> alkalosis? - ✔️✔️18-24-30
What is is compensation? Example? - ✔️✔️a secondary response to reverse abnormal trends
If a patient has metabolic acidosis, then the lungs should affect a respiratory alkalosis
(hyperventilate) to try to buffer the acid
What do diabetics do for DKA? - ✔️✔️Kussmal respirations for compensation
What does pH tell us? - ✔️✔️the primary problem, acidosis or alkalosis
What is the compensation for metabolic abnormalities? - ✔️✔️metabolic acidosis --> respiratory
alkalosis
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