Actinic Keratosis - Premalignant lesion from sun exposure that can → squamous cell
carcinoma.
Adrenal Gland Abnormalities - Addison's Disease→Hyposecretion of Adrenal Cortical
Cushing's Disease→Hypersecretion of Adrenal Cortical
Pheochromocytoma→Hypersecretion of catecholamines
Angioma - benign tumors derived from cells of the vascular or lymphatic vessel walls
(endothelium) or derived from cells of the tissues surrounding these vessels
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - Starts with Acute lung injury/insult (ALI)
First Stage→Respiratory Alkalosis→hyperventilation
Intermediate stage→ACIDOSIS Respiratory→ hypoventilation and Metabolic K⁺ cell
breakdown
Intermediate stage→PULMONARY EDEMA →cell breakdown turns on inflammatory
response
Intermediate state→BLOOD CLOTTING platelets responds to inflammation further
blocking perfusion
Late stage→RESPIRATORY FAILURE continued acidosis
Autonomic Dysreflexia - is an abnormal cardiovascular response to stimulation of the
sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system; occurs as a result of stimulation
of the bladder, large intestine, or other visceral organs not being able to send correct
signals
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) - Nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland.
Age-related but otherwise unknown etiology.
Frequency, urgency, straining to void, decreased urine stream, incontinence,
impotence, palpable prostate, nocturia. Can give a false-positive PSA test
TURP - Transurethral Resection of the Prostate an instrument is inserted up the urethra
to remove the section of the prostate that is blocking urine flow in BPH
Blood Components - Myeloid Cells Bone
RBC Kidney Erythropoietin
WBC - Granulocytes
Basophils-allergic reaction Histamines
Eosinophils-allergy and parasites
Neutrophil
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes-B and T-(timely)
Monocytes→Macrophages→ phagocytosis
Platelets - Thrombocytes→ Clotting
Burn Treatment - Give Hypertonic fluid to prevent hypervolemia
Watch for fluid overload due to sudden improvement give hypotonic to provide tissue
with fluid
Give Electrolytes that were lost
Cardiogenic Shock - Myocardial damage that causes the heart to fail to pump blood
sufficiently to meet the body's demand.
Cells of Inflammation - endothelial, platelet, leukocytes
Endothelial Cells of Inflammation - line the blood vessels - Produces chemicals that
a. vasodilate or vasoconstrict
b. cause blood thinning/prevent clotting (to keep vein open)
c. allow entrance/exit into and out of the blood vessel (vessel wall permeability)
d. control inflammatory mediators
Platelets of Inflammation - thrombocytes
a. Responsible for blood coagulation/clotting
b. Platelets release of over 300 potent inflammatory mediators
Leukocytes of Inflammation - They are the major cellular component of the inflammatory
response
The term "LEUKOCYTOSIS" means a higher than normal production of White Blood
Cells (usually neutrophils) in the blood, and is a common indicator of inflammation and
infection.
WBCs are classified as either GRANULOCYTES or AGRANULOCYTES
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