AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Test with Answers 100% Pass
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Course
AQA Psychology A-Level
Institution
AQA Psychology A-Level
AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Test with Answers 100% Pass
1. Wilhelm Wundt - First Psychologist
- First Lab in Germany
- Experimental Conditions
- Structuralism and Introspection
2. Introspection Person Gains knowledge about their mental state by ex-
amining their conscious thoughts and...
AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Test with Answers 100% Pass
1. Wilhelm Wundt - First Psychologist
- First Lab in Germany
- Experimental Conditions
- Structuralism and Introspection
2. Introspection Person Gains knowledge about their mental state by ex-
amining their conscious thoughts and feelings
3. Empiricism Knowledge is derived from sensory experience, charac-
terised by the use of the scientific method
4. Scientific The investigative methods that are:
Method - Objective
- Systematic
- Reliable
5. Evaluation of - methods were unreliable as it relied on non-observable
Wundt - Introspection is not accurate because people are often
unaware of are behaviours
6. Evaluation of the - its objective and systematic
Scientific Ap- - Rely on determinism
proach - Self corrective
- Create non-naturalistic environments
- Human behaviour is not always observable to the rules
of science
7. Classical Condi- Pavlov - When a neutral stimulus is consistently paired
tioning with an unconditional stimulus so that it takes on the
properties on the stimulus and is able to produced a
conditioned response
,AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Test with Answers 100% Pass
9. Features of CC - If time interval is too great between conditioning it does
not work
- CR will become extinct in the absence of the UCS after
a while
- If extinct and paired again they pair more quickly (Spon-
taneous Recovery)
- Stimulus generalisation, CR is created to things similar
to CS
10. Operant Condi- Skinner - Learning through reinforcement or punishment,
tioning a behaviour is more likely if followed by a desirable con-
cequence
11. Positive Rein- Behaviour Produces a response that is desirable
forcement
12. Negative Rein- Doing something to stop unpleasant response
forcement
13. Reinforcement Strengthening a response
14. Punishment An unpleasant consequence following a behaviour
15. Features of Clas- - Scheduling reinforcement makes it stronger
sical Condition- - Punishment
ing
16. Evaluation of - Applications in treatment of phobias
Classical Condi- - Animal Research cannot be generalised to humans
tioning because they have different needs to learn
17. Evaluation of Op- - Use of experimental method
erant Condition- - Animal Research cannot be generalised to humans
ing
18. Modelling Individuals learn behaviour be observing others
19. Imitation Copying a models behaviour
20. Identification
, Individual adopts attitudes and behaviours of a model
because they want to be like them
21. Vicarious Rein- Individuals learn about the likely consequences by ob-
forcement serving a model's experiences and adjust their behaviour
to obtain the same experience
22. The Role of Observer forms a mental representation pf the behaviour
the meditational displayed of the model and the probable consequences it
Processes will also happen to them
23. Evaluation of - Applications in human behaviour
Social Learning - research support (Bandura)
Theory
- Problems with causality, it may not be observing but
rather people already have this a try to find people similar
- Approach disregards other potential influences like gen-
der
24. Bandura Proce- Children were exposed to aggressive or non aggressive
dures models interacting with a bobo doll
25. Bandura Find- Children who had aggressive models were aggressive to
ings the doll
Children who had non-aggressive models were not ag-
gressive to the doll
26. Cognitive Refers to mental processes such as perception, memory
and reasoning
27. Schema A cognitive framework that helps us organise and inter-
pret information
28.28.
, Why are They help us make sense of new information by filling in
Schemas use- gaps
ful?
29. Theoretical Mod- Pictorial representations of cognitive processes based on
els research evidence
30. Computer Model Computer analogy of input process storage output to
represent the human cognitive
31. Cognitive Neuro- non-invasive imaging techniques such as PET and fMRI
science scans to help psychologists understand how the brain
works
32. PET Positron emission tomography
33. fMRI Functional Magnetic Resonance imaging
34. Evaluation of the - Applications in social cognition, dysfunctional behaviour
Cognitive Ap- - Scientific
proach
- Computer models are to simplistic for a human mind,
and at the same time suggest that we never forget or
never make mistakes
- ignores emotion and motivation (tells us how not why)
- Lack ecological validity
35. Biological Ap- Views humans as biological organisms and provides bio-
proach logical explanations for all psychological functioning
36. Genes A part of the chromosome that carries genetic information
37. Genotype The genetic make-up of an individual
38. Phenotype The observable characteristics of an individual
39. Evolution Change is genetic make-up of a population over time
40. NeuroChemistry How chemical and neural processes associate with the
nervous system
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