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CEN Exam Review Study Guide Questions and Answers Updated 2024 $15.49   Add to cart

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CEN Exam Review Study Guide Questions and Answers Updated 2024

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Kehr's sign - Referred pain down the left shoulder; indicative of a ruptured spleen. Homan's sign - pain in *calf upon dorsiflexion* of foot and may indicate DVT Cullen's sign - superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus caused by pancreatitis Chvo...

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  • August 2, 2024
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CEN Exam Review Study Guide Questions and Answers Updated 2024 possiblea . . Kehr's sign - Referred pain down the left shoulder; indicative of a ruptured spleen. Homan's sign - pain in *calf upon dorsiflexion* of foot and may indicate DVT Cullen's sign - superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus caused by pancreatitis Chvostek's sign - Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping) Trousseau's sign - arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia Murphy's sign - pain with palpation of the RUQ during inspiration, indicative of cholecystitis Beck's triad - Hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds; cardiac tamponade trauma triad of death - hypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy Cushing's triad - Signs of increased intracranial pressure: 1. hypertension 2. bradycardia 3. irregular respirations Battle's sign - Bruising behind the ears, indicative of a basilar skull fracture coarse crackles (rales) - Low pitched, bubbling, moist sounds that may persist from early inspiration to early expiration. May indicate PNEUMONIA fine crackles (fine rales) - high pitched, (rubbing hair by ear, fire); alveoli "popping open" as air hits previously closed alveoli upon inspiration; Upon expiration, alveoli closing; think pulmonary edema, fibrosis Rhonchi - loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by thick sputum - COPD, CF, pneumonia Stridor - strained, high -pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx, also caused by croup Bronchiolitis - Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus. Preload - volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole Afterload - the amount of resistance to ejection of blood from the ventricle cardiac contractility - the ability of the myocardium to stretch and contract in response to the filling of the heart with blood Mass casualty triage protocol - Black = dead, red = 1st priority, yellow = 2nd priority, green = minor injuries, white = no injuries Crohn's disease - a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract, however it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon ulcerative colitis - a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation Benzo reversal agent - Flumazenil - it can lower the patient's seizure threshold Common causes of respiratory acidosis - ventilation is inadequate to balance pH - COPD, ARDS, PNA, OSA, neuromuscular dysfunction - increased risk for hyperkalemia - pH goes down and CO2 goes up Common causes of respiratory alkalosis - Hypocapnia typically from hyperventilation - pH goes up and CO2 goes down Common causes of metabolic acidosis - Lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, salicylate intoxication, renal failure, shock, and uncontrolled diarrhea - pH and HCO3 go down

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