Class notes
Cardiac Exam 3 Health Assessment
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- Denver School Of Nursing
In depth notes for exam 3! This guide helped me get an A :)
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Cardiovascular SystemPercodium: extends from 2nd-5th ICS, from right sternal border to left midclavicular line
Base: top of heart Apex: bottom of heart Layers of the Heart -Pericardium: fibrous sac that protects heart (pericarditis) -Endocardium: thin layer lining inner surface of the heart (endocarditis) -Myocardium: muscular wall of heart (Myocarditis)
Heart Valves -Atrioventricular (AV) valves -Separate atria and ventricles -Right: tricuspid -Left: mitral (bicuspid) -Semilunar (SL) valves -Separate ventricles and arteries -Right: pulmonic (separated right ventricle and pulmonary artery)
-Left: aortic (separates left ventricle and aorta)
•SVC (superior vena cava) and IVC (inferior vena cava) deliver deoxygenated blood to RA from the periphery
•RA → tricuspid valve → RV
•RV →pulmonic valve → PA to deliver that deoxygenated blood to lungs
•Lungs oxygenate blood
•Pulmonary veins deliver oxygenated blood from lungs to LA
•LA → mitral valve → LV
•LV → aortic valve → aorta
•Aorta delivers oxygenated blood to heart and rest of the body The Cardiac Cycle Systole: ventricular contraction -⅓ of cardiac cycle -SL valves open so ventricles can eject blood -AV valves (T,M) close=S1 sound (“lub”)
Diastole: ventricular relaxation (filling) *FED -⅔ of cardiac cycle -AV valves open so ventricles can fill -SL valves (A,P) close =S2 sound (“dub”) Left coronary artery: delivers blood to the left side of your heart, including your left atrium and ventricle and the septum between the ventricles.
Circumflex artery : branches off from the left coronary artery to supply blood to part of the left ventricle.
Left anterior descending artery: also branches from the left coronary artery and provides blood to parts of both the right and left ventricles.
Right coronary artery : provides blood to the right atrium and parts of both ventricles.
Marginal arteries: branch from the right coronary artery and provide blood to the surface of the right atrium.
Posterior descending artery: also branches from the right coronary artery and provides blood to the bottom of both ventricles.
Lymphatic System *Works with the peripheral vascular system to engulf pathogens and remove fluid from interstitial spaces Upper Body: -Brachial (axillary) nodes drain breast and upper arm -Epitrochlear nodes drain lower and arm and hands (inside of elbow)
Lower Body: -Inguinal nodes drain most of leg and surface of penis/scrotum (gonorrhea= inflamed)
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