Ch 7 Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist
Neoplasia - answerNew growth; cells exhibit abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation.
Neoplasm - answerMass of cells; Otherwise known as a tumor.
Oncology - answerStudy of tumors
Hyperplasia - answerControlled Abnormal increase in the number of cells ...
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM Ch 7 Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist Neoplasia - answer✔✔New growth; cells exhibit abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation. Neoplasm - answer✔✔Mass of cells; Otherwise known as a tumor. Oncology - answer✔✔Study of tumors Hyperplasia - answer✔✔Controlled Abnormal increase in the number of c ells in an organ or tissue. Oncogenic - answer✔✔Viruses that cause tumors Benign - answer✔✔-Remains localized -May be well encapsulated -Does not have the capability to spread to distant sites -Slow growing Malignant - answer✔✔-Invades and destroys surrou nding tissue -Has the ability to spread to throughout the body (metastasis) -Slow to rapid growth -Invasive and unencapsulated Pleomorphic - answer✔✔Cells that vary in size and shape Hyperchromatic - answer✔✔Nuclei are darker than normal Carcinomas - answ er✔✔Malignant tumors of the epithelium Sarcomas - answer✔✔Malignant tumors of the connective tissue Always Malignant - answer✔✔Lymphoma, melanoma, myeloma Three different types of Epithelial Tumors - answer✔✔-Derived from squamous epithelium -Derived from salivary gland epithelium -Derived from Odontogenic epithelium Papilloma - answer✔✔-Benign tumor of squamous epithelium EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM -Arises as small, exophytic, pedunculate, or sessile growth -Composed of numerous papillary projections that are either white or the color of normal mucosa -Cauliflower -like in appearance -Most cases arise on the soft palate or tongue -May occur at any age, and an equal sex predilection -FINGERLIKE PROJECTION or pa pillary projections composed of normal stratified squamous epithelium with a thick layer of keratinized tissue -Can resemble a verruca Vulgaris or a condyloma acimonatum -HPV types 6 and 11 are involved with the etiology -Once surgically removed, does not occur again. Leukoplakia - answer✔✔-A white plaque -like vision of the oral mucosa that cannot be rubbed off and cannot be diagnosed clinically -If it is located on the floor of the mouth, vertrolateral tongue, soft palate, or lip it needs to be removed c ompletely regardless because of the increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma. Erythroplakia - answer✔✔-Appears as smooth red patch or a granular red and velvety patch. -Most occur in the floor of the mouth, tongue, and soft palate. -Much less common than leukoplakia -Erythroplakia is considered more serious than leukoplakia because of the chance of dyspepsia or carcinoma. -Treatment depends on microscopic diagnosis Speckled Leukoplakia - answer✔✔-A lesion that shows a mixture of red and white areas Oral Su bmucosa Fibrosis - answer✔✔-Chronic oral mucosal disease that is associated with betel -quid and arena -nut chewing -Most in seen in areas of indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia and immigrants Epithelial Dysplasia - answer✔✔-Microscopic diagnosis that ind icated disordered growth -Considered a premalignant condition -Unlike squamous cell carcinoma, the cellular changes can revert back to normal if the stimulus is removed. -Appears clinically as a erythematous lesion, a white lesion, or a mixed lesion -Often arise in the floor of the mouth, or tongue
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