A level Physics Paper 2 Exam Questions And Answers. Verified And Updated.
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Course
A level Physics
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A Level Physics
A level Physics Paper 2 Exam Questions And
Answers. Verified And Updated.
Hooke's Law - answer∆F = k∆x
where k is the stiffness of the object
Stress - answerσ=F/A
where F is force and A is cross sectional area
Strain - answerε=∆x/x
where x is the original length of the material and �...
EXAM STUDY MATERI ALS July 25, 2024 1:06 PM A level Physics Paper 2 Exam Questions And Answers. Verified And Updated. Hooke's Law - answer✔✔∆F = k∆x where k is the stiffness of the object Stress - answer✔✔σ=F/A where F is force and A is cross sectional area Strain - answer✔✔ε=∆x/x where x is the original length of the material and ∆x is the extension Young Modulus - answer✔✔Stress/Strain Tensile stress/strain - answer✔✔Causes the length of the material to increase, the forces act away from the center Compressive stress/strain - answer✔✔Causes the length of the material to decrease, the forces act towards the center Force Extension graph - answer✔✔ Stress strain graph - answer✔✔ Stress Strain Graphs for Different Materials - answer✔✔Stiffer materials have a steeper gradient. Stronger materials have a large breaking stress Brittle materials have a very small plastic regi ons Stress Strain Graph for Rubber - answer✔✔ Limit of Proportionality - answer✔✔*The point until which force and extension (or stress and strain) are directly proportional. After this point it may behave elastically, but they will no longer be proportiona l* Elastic Limit - answer✔✔*The point beyond which the material is permanently deformed, it won't return to it's original shape* Yield Point - answer✔✔*Beyond this point the material suddenly undergoes a large increase in extension (it 'gives') as the atom ic substructure is rearranged* EXAM STUDY MATERI ALS July 25, 2024 1:06 PM Breaking stress - answer✔✔*The value of stress in a material when it breaks* Elastic Deformation - answer✔✔*Region where the material will return to its original shape when the stress is removed* Plastic Deformation - answer✔✔*Permanent deformation caused by strain when stress exceeds a certain value. The material won't return to it's original shape.* Elastic Strain Energy - answer✔✔∆E(el) = F ∆x As this is the area under a force extension graph. What does it mean for a material to be hard? - answer✔✔*It is resistant to indentation or scratching* What does it mean for a material to be stiff? - answer✔✔*It has a large young modulus and so can withstand a large load with just a small extension* What do es it mean for a material to have a high tensile stress? - answer✔✔*It can withstand a large force under tension before breaking* What does it mean for a material to be ductile? - answer✔✔*Can be drawn out into wires as it undergoes a lot of plastic deform ation* What does it mean for a material to be brittle? - answer✔✔*Shatters under a sudden force as it cracks with little or no plastic deformation just beyond the elastic limit due to the propagation of the cracks* Density - answer✔✔Density = Mass/volume Upthrust - answer✔✔Due to Archemides' principle, upthrust is equal to the the weight of the fluid displaced. This can be found if you know the density of the fluid and the volume of the object Floating - answer✔✔If an object is floating, then the weight of the fluid displaced = the weight of the object Hydrometer - answer✔✔A hydrometer is an instrument for measuring the density of liquids. The inner (solid) part of the hydrometer has a constant mass and so in different liquids it will float to different exte nts Laminar flow - answer✔✔-Layers are parallel to each other (don't mix) -No abrupt changes in direction -Fluid has a small velocity Turbulent flow - answer✔✔-Layers mix EXAM STUDY MATERI ALS July 25, 2024 1:06 PM -Fluids move at a high velocity -Abrupt changes in speed and direction -Eddies Viscos ity - answer✔✔The resistance of a fluid to flowing Viscosity: Fluids - answer✔✔As temperature increases, viscosity decreases (as intermolecular forces decrease) Viscosity: Gas - answer✔✔As temperature increases, viscosity increases (as greater kinetic energy means more collisions between particles thus more friction) Stokes Law - answer✔✔F = 6 πηrv Only works for -Small cylindrical objects -Travelling at small velocities -Where there is laminar flow Terminal velocity - answer✔✔Need to know how to explain this as well Terminal velocity equation derivation - answer✔✔-Weight = upthrust + stokes law -m(s)g = weight of fluid displaced + 6πηrv(t) -W(s) = 4/3 x π r^3 p(f) g + 6πηrv(t) 4/3 x π r^3 p(s) g = 4/ 3 x π r^3 p(f) g + 6πηrv(t) Rearranged to make V(t) the subject and simplified you get: v(t) = (2r^2 x g (p(s) -p(f)))/9η Wavelength - answer✔✔*The displacement between a point on a wave and the identical point on the next wave* Period - answer✔✔*The time t aken for one complete oscillation* Frequency - answer✔✔*The number of complete oscillations in one second* f = 1/T v = fλ Amplitude - answer✔✔*The maximum displacement from the mean position* Phase - answer✔✔The position of a point on a wave at a specific moment in time
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