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CHM1025 Final Exam Review- 116 Questions with Answers
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CHM1025 Final Exam Review- 116 Questionswith Answers
Chemistry - -The study of composition, structure, properties, and reactions
of matter
-Matter - -Any material that has mass and occupies space
-Chemical - -Any substance (matter) that has specific composition obtained
by or used in chemical reactions
-Branches of Chemistry - -organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry,
biochemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry
-Scientific method - -The process used by scientists to explain observations
in nature.
-Steps in scientific method - -observation, hypothesis, experiments, theory
-Measuring tool or device - -used to compare some dimension of an object
to a standard.
-Types of measurement - -length, volume, mass, time, temperature.
-Length - -measured using a meter stick, has a unit of meter (m) in the
metric and SI systems. For small measurements in chemistry, use
centimeters (cm)
-Volume - -the space occupied by a substance, has a unit liter (L) in metric
system and cubic meter in the SI system. Use mL for small measurements in
chemistry.
-Mass - -The quantity or amount of material it contains. It is measured using
a balance, has a unit gram (g) in the metric system and kilogram (kg) in the
SI system.
-Weight - -Measure of gravitational pull on an object.
-Temperature - -Indicates how hot or cold an object is. It is measured in
celsius in metric system. The SI system uses Kelvin (K) scale.
-Time - -Has a unit second(s) in both the metric and SI system.
-Prefixes - -They are used in front of a base unit to increase or decrease the
size of that unit by a factor of 10.
, -Equalities - -State the same measurement in two different units.
-Exact Numbers - -Numbers obtained by counting objects e.g. 2 soccer balls
Numbers in definition (equalities that compare two units in the same unit
system) e.g. 1 foot = 12 inches
-Measured Numbers - -The measurements obtained using measuring
devices
Numbers inequalities that compare different unit systems example: 1L =
1.057qt
exception: 1in=2.54cm (this is exact)
-Significant figures - -The digits in a measurement. All certain and
estimated digits in a measurement are ci=ounted as significant figures
-A measure number - -consists of certain digits and an estimated digit. Last
number in a measurement is estimated.
-500 - -1 significant figure
-500. - -3 significant figures
-Significant figures - -Multiplication and Division
-Decimal Place - -Addition and Subtraction
-Scientific notation - -A number written in scientific notation contains a
coefficient and a power of 10
-Unit Conversion: Dimensional Analysis - -Given:
Needed:
Conversion Factor:
-Density - -ration between the mass of an object and its volume.
D = mass (g) divided by volume (mL)
1mL=1cm3 (cubic cemtimeter)
-Density of solids - -The volume of the solid is equal to the volume of
difference of the liquid.
-Matter - -Can be solid, liquid or gas---called physical state. water is found
commonly in all three states.
-Pure substances - -they are type of matter with definite or fixed
composition. Two types of pure substances: Element and Compunds
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