PN 1005 FINAL REVIEW EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS term Pharmacology - ANSWER is the study of the biological effects of chemicals. term Drugs - ANSWER are chemicals that are introduced into the body to cause some sort of change. Drug source Plants - ANSWER Synthetic version of the active chemical foun d in a plant. The main component of the growing alternative therapy movement Drug source Animal products - ANSWER Used to replace human chemicals that are not produced because of disease or genetic problems Genetic engineering Many of these preparations are now created synthetically Drug source Inorganic compounds - ANSWER Salts of various elements can have therapeutic effects on the human body Drug source Synthetic Sources - ANSWER Genetic engineering alters bacteria to produce chemicals that are therapeutic and effective Original prototypes Drug Evaluation: Preclinical Trials - ANSWER Chemicals tested on laborato ry animals Drug evaluation: Phase I Studies - ANSWER Chemicals tested on human volunteers Drug evaluation: Phase II Studies - ANSWER Drug tried on informed patients wit h the disease Drug evaluation: Phase III Studies - ANSWER Drug used in the vast clinical market Drug evaluation: Phase IV Studies - ANSWER Continual evaluation of the dr ug What does the FDA stand for - ANSWER Food and Drug Act What does the FDA do - ANSWER all drugs for sale in Canada must be approved under this act to protect the public against health hazards and fraud from the sale of food (including beverages), drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics Controlled Drug and substance act - ANSWER Defined drug abuse and th e drugs according to potential for abuse. The drugs are classified into drug sche dules Drug enforced: Schedule 1 - ANSWER High abuse potential no accepted m edical use Heroin, LSD, Marijuana. Drug Enforced: Schedule 2 - ANSWER High abuse potential with severe dependence liability Narcotics, Amphetamine, Barbiturates Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER How the drug affects the body Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER How the body affects the drug Nurses are responsible for? - ANSWER Administering the drug Assessing drug effects Intervening to make the drug regimen more tolerable Providing patient teachings about drugs and the drug regimen Monitoring the overall patient care plan to prevent medication error What is a route? - ANSWER the path through which a drug or substance is taken into the body Medications taken by mouth (PO) Enteral - ANSWER Tablets Capsules Liq uids Solutions Suspensions Syrups Elixirs Sublingual medications ( SL) are dissolved under the tongue - ANSWER Tablets Sprays Films
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