ASCORERS STUVIA
D027 PATHOPHARM MUL TIPLE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+ |VERIFIED WITH APPROPRIATE
RATIONALES
A Fib treatment ...ANS: oxygen, meds, synchronized cardioversion, radiofrequency cath ablation, maze procedure, bi-ventricular pacing
A2A Receptor Antagonists ...ANS: used in combination with levodopa; carbidopa therapy to treat Parkinson's disease.
ACE inhibitor drugs ...ANS: vasodilation & decreases blood pressure.
CaptoPRIL (Capoten), EnalaPRIL (Vasotec), EnalaPRILat (Vasotec), FosinoPRIL(Monopril), LisinoPRIL (Prinivil)
ACE inhibitors adverse effects ...ANS: 1. first dose hypotension
2. orthostatic hypotension
3.tachycardia
4.photosensitvity
5.renal insufficiency
6. hyperkalemia ASCORERS STUVIA
7. Angioedema
8. Bone marrow depression
Acetylcholine ...ANS: A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction
Acetylcholine release inhibitors ...ANS: (Botox)primarily used to treat cervical dystonia, overactive bladder, migraines, excessive sweating, and spasticity. They work by preventing muscle spasms and relaxing muscles and by blocking nerves that produce sweat.
adrenal glands ...ANS: a pair of endocrine glands just above the kidneys. the adrenals secrete the hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which help to arouse the body in times of stress.
Aldosterone/Kidney physiology in regulation of blood pressure
...ANS: causes the tubules of the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium and water into the blood. This increases the volume of fluid in the body, which also increases blood pressure. If the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is too active, blood pressure will be too high.
Alkylating Drugs: Adverse Effects ...ANS: -Alopecia.
-Nephrotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, ototoxicity.
---Hydration can prevent nephrotoxicity. ASCORERS STUVIA
-Extravasation causes tissue damage and necrosis.
Alpha 1 Adrenergic Blockers ...ANS: Antihypertensive
bind to and inhibit type 1 alpha-adrenergic receptors and thus inhibit smooth muscle contraction. Their major uses are for hypertension and for symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy.
alpha 2 (-2) adrenergic agonists ...ANS: reduces brainstem α
vasomotor center-mediated CNS activation; used as antihypertensive, sedative & treatment of opiate dependence and alcohol withdrawal symptoms).
Clonidine
Alprazolam (Xanax) ...ANS: A long-acting benzodiazepine with intermediate onset commonly used to treat panic disorders and generalized anxiety in addition to anxiety associated with depression.
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic / Polypeptide Antibiotic / Corticosteroid Combinations ...ANS: Used to treat ear infections, skin infections, eye infections, and eye inflammation.
They work by killing the bacteria causing the infection and reducing swelling and irritation.
Aminoglycosides ...ANS: Gentamycin, Kanamycin sulfate, Neomycin sulfate, Steptomycin Sulfate ASCORERS STUVIA
OTOTOXICITY KIDNEY DAMAGE
Aminoglycosides adverse effects ...ANS: Ototoxicity, balance issues, possible permanent deafness in older adults w/ hearing
impairment, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade, hypersensitivity (rash, urticaria).
Amlyn analogs MOA ...ANS: slows gastric emptying leading to a feeling of satiety decreases PP glucagon secretion
may cause weight loss is considered 3rd line tx due to lack of efficacy in lowering BS may be used as an adjunction to insulin
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ...ANS: agents that inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (a potent vasoconstrictor) and promote relaxation of blood vessels
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) ...ANS: LosARTAN
ValsARTAN
anterior pituitary gland ...ANS: AKA the adenohypophysis, the anterior pituitary is made of glandular tissue. It makes and secretes six different hormones: FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, prolactin,
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