Synopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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Synopsis of Psychiatry
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Synopsis Of Psychiatry
Synopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1 Questions with Correct AnswersSynopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1 Questions with Correct AnswersSynopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1 Questions with Correct AnswersSynopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1 Questions with Correct AnswersSynopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1 Questions with...
Synopsis of Psychiatry Chapter 1
Questions with Correct Answers
1.1. The nature of an endophenotype is biologically defined on which of
the following?
A. Neuropsychological
B. Cognitive
C. Neurophysiological
D. Biochemical
E. All of the above - ANS ✔E
(The nature of an endophenotype is biologically defined on the basis of
neuropsychological, cognitive, neurophysiological, neuroanatomical,
biochemical, and brain data. Endophenotype is an internal phenotype,
which is a set of objective characteristics of an individual that are not
visible to the unaided eye. A given phenotype would not be limited to a
patient with a particular diagnosis; for instance, schizophrenia might
also be found in patients with other diagnoses, such as depression or
bipolar disorder.)
,1.2. Which of the following morphological regions is a part of the
neuron?
A. Cell body
B. Dendrites
C. Axon
D. Axon terminals
E. All of the above - ANS ✔E
(The human brain contains approximately 100 billion nerve cells or
neurons. In general, neurons are composed of four morphologically
identified regions: (1) the cell body or soma, which contains the nucleus
and can be considered the metabolic center of the neuron; (2) the
dendrites, which are processes that arise from the cell body, branch
extensively, and serve as the major recipient zones of input from other
neurons; (3) the axon, which is a single process that arises from a
specialized portion of the cell body (the axon hillock) and conveys
information to other neurons; and (4) the axon terminals, which are fine
branches near the end of the axon and that form contacts (synapses)
generally with the dendrites or the cell bodies of other neurons, release
neurotransmitters, and provide a mechanism for interneuronal
communication. Most neurons in the human brain are considered to be
multipolar in that they give rise to a single axon and several dendritic
processes.)
, 1.3. A reduced density of interneurons in layer 2 of the prefrontal cortex
has been observed among patients with:
A. Bipolar disorder
B. Major depression
C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D. Schizophrenia
E. Panic disorder - ANS ✔D
(Research has shown that in a significant number of patients with
schizophrenia, the prefrontal cortex exhibits a reduced density of
interneurons in layer 2. Additionally, these patients show an
upregulation of GABAA receptor binding, a potential functional
compensation, as well as a relative deficiency of nitric oxide synthase
(NOS)-expressing neurons. These observations have led to the
hypothesis that schizophrenia is due to reduced GABAergic activity. The
origin of GABA interneurons from the ganglionic eminences and their
association with specific patterning genes raises new genetic models of
disease causation and possible strategies for disease intervention.)
1.4. The cell bodies of the serotonergic neurons are located in what
region of the brain?
A. Midline raphe nuclei of the brainstem
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