NUR 401 Schizophrenia Questions and Answers 2024 with complete solution
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Course
NUR 401 Schizophrenia
Institution
NUR 401 Schizophrenia
"CANS" -> Toxins Affecting Efficacy of Psychotropic Meds:
Caffeine
- Alcohol -> 2 things it can cause?
- Nicotine -> what does it increase? what does this mean?
- Sugar -> 2 things it increases? - - Caffeine
- Alcohol - sedation & neurotoxicity
- Nicotine - increases liver metabol...
NUR 401 Schizophrenia "CANS" -> Toxins Affecting Efficacy of Psychotropic Meds: Caffeine - Alcohol -> 2 things it can cause? - Nicotine -> what does it increase? what does this mean? - Sugar -> 2 things it increases? - - Caffeine - Alcohol - sedation & neurotoxicity - Nicotine - increases liver metabolism -> means we have to increase dosage of antipsychotic - Sugar - weight gain, increase risk of diabetes Anosognosia: - what is this? what causes it? - what 2 things may it result in? - what is it often combined with? why is this bad? - - Inability to realize they are ill - Caused by the illness itself - May result in resistance to or cessation of treatment (not taking meds) - Often combined with paranoia so that accepting help is impossible Antipsychotic Medications (Third Generation): - what are 3 common TGA meds? - 1. aripiprazole (Abilify) 2. brexpiprazole (Rexulti) 3. cariprazine (Vraylar) Atypical Antipsychotics (Second Generation): - name 6 common meds for SGA - 1. clozapine (Clozaril) 2. olanzapine (Zyprexa) 3. quetiapine (Seroquel) 4. respiridone (Respiradol) 5. Respiradol Consta 6. ziprasidone (Geodon) Atypical Antipsychotics (Second Generation): - why are these first line of choice? - what symptoms do they treat? - what 2 SE do we have minimal of? - 2 disadvantages of these? - - These are first -line of choice bc equally effective for positive & negative symptoms - Serotonin (5 -HT2A receptor) and dopamine (D2 receptor) antagonists, e.g., clozapine (Clozaril) - Treat both positive and negative symptoms - Minimal to no EPS or tardive dyskinesia - Disadvantage —tendency to cause significant weight gain; risk of metabolic syndrome Brief Psychotic Meds: - what is the essential feature of a brief psychotic disorder? - how long do symptoms last? with what expectation? - why do these patients have psychosis? - - The essential feature of a brief psychotic disorder is a disturbance that involves the sudden onset (change from a non -psychotic state to a clearly psychotic state within 2 weeks) of at least one of the following positive symptoms: delusions, hallucinati ons, disorganized speech, or grossly abnormal psychomotor behavior including catatonia. Symptoms must last longer than 1 day but no longer than 1 month with the expectation of a return to normal functioning - Psychosis due to a medical disorder or substance induced -> medical disorder could be hepatic renal disease, drugs are a danger bc we don't know what's in them Challenges of Treating Schizophrenia: - there are 5 challenges, think about all the aspects of a medication to consider - 1. adherence to meds 2. efficacy of med for patient 3. adverse side effects 4. Stigma 5. high cost of medication Clozaril: - what does this have an effective history for treating? what is this MI? what is this population prone to? -> why? - this med has resulted in a decrease of what? increase of _______, reduced ____________________, & improved _____________ - what fatal SE does it have? - what is this med considered to be? - - Has been effective in treating Refractory Schizophrenia, or schizophrenia that doesn't respond to normal treatment. People with Refractory Schizophrenia make up approximately 30 % of the thought disorder population. This population is prone to violence a nd suicide bc they've had trouble finding meds that help. The use of Clozaril has resulted in decreased negative symptoms, increased impulse control, reduced violence to self and others, and improved quality of life. Clozaril has the potentially fatal side effect of agranulocytosis. - This med is last resort Cognitive Symptoms: - what is concrete thinking? how can the patient NOT think? - impaired memory -> what 2 things does it impact? - impaired information processing -> what is delayed & what is difficult? - impaired executive functioning -> patient has difficulty with 4 things - - Concrete Thinking = inability to think abstractly -> interprets things in a literal manner - Impaired memory = impacts short -term memory and the ability to learn
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