FNP AANP EXAM NEWEST 2024 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS Ectopic Pregnancy Risk Factors Any factor that compromises tubal patency (STIs, assisted reproductive technologies, tubal surgery, and contraceptive intrauterine device [IUD]). PID STDs ectopic pregnancy symptoms Bleeding, pelvic pain missed menses. If rupture bleeding, shoulder pain, N/V, hypotension or tachycardia PID cervical motion tenderness, infertility, uterine tender ness and or adnexal tenderness PID TX ceftriaxone 500mg (1g >150kg) IM x1 + doxy 100mg PO BID x7 days +metronidazole 500mg PO BID 14 days Gonorrhea TX 1st ceftriaxone 500 mg IM x1 dose; 2nd azithromycin 2gm oral and gentamicin 240 mg intramuscularly as a s ingle dose or doxy 100mg BID x7days or ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally as a single dose or cefixime 800 mg orally as a single dose chlamydial infection has not been excluded w/gonorrhea patients should also receive oral doxycycline for 7 days (unless they are receiving the gentamicin plus azithromycin regimen Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) most common renal malignancy in children. Usually presents as a unilateral, painless, abdominal/flank mass; less commonly presents bilaterally. palpate lightly, order US Acute bacterial prostatitis most frequent urologic diagnosis in men <50 years old. Commonly caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. extreme lower abdominal, ejaculatory, rectal, perineal pain. May be successfully treated with antibiotics, but a prolonged course is frequently required if chronic prostatitis follows the acute occurrence Treatment for Bronchitis SABA-albuterol and inhaled anticholinergic - ipratropium What is actinic keratosis? A precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun -damaged skin. How is actinic keratosis diagnosed? Diagnosed with a skin biopsy. What is the recommended follow -up for actinic ke ratosis? Follow -up with a dermatologist. How is actinic keratosis treated? Treated with cryotherapy or 5 -fu cream (Fluorouracil Seborrheic keratosis a benign skin growth that has a waxy or "pasted on" look Trephination make hole in nail by drilling or piercing allow blood to drain subclinical hypothyroidism Elevated TSH, normal T4, normal T3 primary hypothyroidism Elevate TSH level, decreased T4 levels and low or normal T3 hypothyroidism TX Levothyroxine (Synthroid) 25 -50mcg daily in AM on empty stomach, check TSH every 6 -8 weeks primary hyperthyroidism Low TSH, high T4 and high or normal T3 subclinical hyperthyroidism low TSH, normal T3 and T4 hyperthyroidism tx methimazole, PTU, radioactive iodine with prednisone thyroi d storm thyrotoxic crisis, relatively rare, life -threatening condition caused by exaggerated hyperthyroidism immediate hospitalization baby w/ UTI renal and bladder US for all infants 2 -24mnths. acute prostatitis w/o sepsis w/o blockage tx 1st: ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID or ofloxacin 300 mg PO BID or levofloxacin 500 mg PO QD 2nd: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim 160 mg PO BID or trimethoprim 200 mg PO BID AV nicking hypertension causes it by stiffening of vessels, arteries indent and displace veins, considered "mild" retinopathy cotton wool spots on fundoscopic exam can be caused by HTN, DM, or other causes - microinfarct occurs, considered "moderate" retinopathy hypertriglycerides triglycerides > 500 high risk for pancreatitis, lifestyle modifications, diet and exercise, > pancreatitis dx Elevated Lipase (increases 4 -8 hours after onset, alcoholics) lab test (or sometimes elevated Amylase (increases 2 -12 hours after onset) medications that increase triglycerides glucocorticoids, anabolic steroids, oral estrogens, thiazide and loop diuretics , noncardioselective beta -blockers, isotretinoin, bexarotene, propofol, bile acid sequestrants, cyclophosphamide, asparaginase, capecitabine, interferon, tacrolimus, sirolimus, cyclosporine, protease inhibitors, second -generation
