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ACS Biochemistry Final Review
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ACS Biochemistry Final Review
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ACSBiochemistry
Final
Review
C4,
CS,
and
N7
of
the
purine
structure
originates
from
this
molecule
N1
of
the
purine
structure
originates
from
this
molecule.
C2
of
the
purine
structure
originates
from
this
molecule
N3
and
N9
of
the
purine
structure
originates
from
this
Precursor
to
both
AMP
and
GMP
Amidophosphoribosyl
transferase
is
activated
by
this
molecule
-
ANSGlycine
Aspartate
Formate
Glutamine
IMP
PRPP
Two
amino
acids
of
the
standard
20
contain
hydroxyl-groups.
They
are:
-
ANSthreonine
and
serine
There
are
several
amino
acid
side
chains
which
are
always
charged
at
physiological
pH.
These
are:
-
ANSGlu,
Asp,
Lys,
and
Arg
Which
one
of
the
following
sequences
of
five
amino
acids
would
most
likely
be
located
in
the
interior
of
a
globular
soluble
protein?
-
ANSMet-Phe-Pro-Ile-Leu
What
is
the
net
charge
at
pH
7.0
on
a
peptide
with
the
sequence?
Ala-Thr-Leu-Asp-Ala-Lys-Pro-Glu
-
ANS-1
What
would
be
the
net
charge
for
the
peptide
below
at
pH
7.0?
Asn-Asp-Cys-Tyr-Ser-Val-Lys
-
ANS0
How
many
hydrophobic
amino
acid
residues
are
present
in
the
peptide
shown?
-
ANS2
The
peptide
shown
has
the
amino
acid
sequence:
-
ANSVal-Ser-Ile-Glu-Lys
Which
statement
is
FALSE
about
the
classification
of
amino
acids?
-
ANSGlutamic
acid
and
asparagine
are
negatively
charged
amino
acids. One
of
the
amino
acids
that
is
classified
as
having
a
polar
side
chain
is
typically
found
buried
in
the
hydrophobic
core
of
soluble
globular
proteins.
Which
of
the
following
amino
acids
is
it?
-
ANSCys
Which
statement(s)
is/are
TRUE
about
the
following
peptide?
Ala-Cys-Gly-Met-Lys
-
ANSIt
has
four
peptide
bonds
Using
the
table
shown,
identify
which
proteins
would
bind
to
an
anion
exchange
column
equilibrated
at
pH
7.0.
-
ANS2
&
4
Which
of
the
following
sequences
of
amino
acids
is
most
likely
to
be
on
the
surface
of
a
water-soluble
globular
protein?
-
ANSGlu-Asp-Lys
Which
amino
acid
can
be
modified
to
make
the
following
synthetic
compound?
-
ANSlysine
The
following
compound
is
a
non-protein
water
soluble
amino
acid
that
is
found
in
green
tea.
Which
amino
acid
is
the
precursor
for
this
compound?
-
ANSglutamic
acid
How
many
charges
the
following
peptide
has
at
pH=7.0?
-
ANS-1
A
column
containing
carboxymethyl
groups
can
be
used
to
separate
serum
albumin
and
ribonuclease
A.
Serum
albumin
has
a
pI
of
4.9
and
Ribonuclease
A
has
a
pI
of
9.4.
Which
one
of
these
2
proteins
will
bind
to
the
column
if
both
proteins
are
dissolved
in
a
buffer
solution
with
pH=7.0?
-
ANSribonuclease
A
Protein
X
has
an
absorptivity
of
0.4
mL·mg-1·cm-1
at
280
nm.
What
is
the
absorbance
at
280
nm
of
a
2.0
mg
·mL-1
solution
of
protein
X?
(Assume
the
light
path
is
1cm).
-
ANS0.8
Consider
a
protein
with
the
subunit
composition
indicated
by
the
following
information:Molecular
mass
by
gel
filtration:
200
kDMolecular
mass
by
SDS-PAGE:
100
kDMolecular
mass
by
SDS-PAGE
with
2-mercaptoethanol:
40
kD
and
60
kD
What
can
be
concluded
from
all
of
this
data
about
the
subunit
composition
of
this
protein?
-
ANSTwo
40
kDa
and
two
60
kDa
subunits
Which
of
the
following
forces
stabilize
protein
primary
structure
at
physiological
pH?
-
ANScovalent
bonds
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
regarding
sodium
dodecylsulphate
polyacrylamide
gel
electrophoresis
(SDS-PAGE)?
-
ANSSDS-PAGE
separates
proteins
on
the
basis
of
their
intrinsic
charge
and
isoelectric
point.
None
of
the
statements
is
true.
SDS-PAGE
separates
nucleic
acids
on
the
basis
of
their
charge.
Smaller
proteins
move
through
the
gel
faster
under
the
influence
of
the
electric
field
in
SDS-PAGE.
ANSWER:
Smaller
proteins
move
through
the
gel
faster
under
the
influence
of
the
electric
field
in
SDS-PAGE. Using
the
table
shown,
identify
which
proteins
would
elute
together
in
a
gel
filtration
experiment.
-
ANS1
&
2
and
4
&
5
Using
the
table
shown,
identify
which
proteins
would
migrate
together
during
SDS-PAGE
in
the
absence
of
2-mercaptoethanol.
-
ANS2
&
3
and
4
&
5
Using
the
table
shown,
identify
which
proteins
would
give
more
than
one
product
after
a
single
cycle
of
Edman
degradation.
-
ANS4
&
5
Which
of
the
following
is
an
example
of
a
conservative
amino
acid
substitution
in
a
protein
structure?
-
ANSSer
to
Thr
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
a
conservative
amino
acid
substitution
in
a
protein
structure?
-
ANSArg
to
Phe
Which
of
the
following
amino
acids
is
MOST
likely
to
be
a
conservative
substitution
for
glycine?
-
ANSANSWER:
Ala
Lue
Pro
Thr
Which
reagent
reduces
disulfide
bonds
to
sulfhydryl
groups?
-
ANS2-mercaptoethanol
and
DTT
(dithiothreitol)
Identify
the
least
conservative
amino
acid
substitution,
assuming
that
these
two
residues
occur
at
the
same
position
in
two
homologous
proteins.
-
ANSGlu
-->
Lys
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
not
true
about
the
Bradford
assay?
-
ANSIt
involves
the
absorbance
of
light
in
the
UV
region
by
phenylalanine,
tryptophan,
and
tyrosine.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
not
true
about
SDS-PAGE:
-
ANSProteins
are
separated
based
on
their
size,
shape
and
electric
charge
at
a
given
pH.
Which
of
the
following
statements
about
affinity
chromatography
is
not
true:
-
ANSIn
metal
chelate
affinity
chromatography,
the
matrix
contains
metal
ions
ligands
(like
Zn2+
or
Ni2+)
so
that
proteins
bearing
metal-chelating
groups
(e.g.,
multiple
His
side
chains)
can
be
retained.
The
stronger
the
interaction
between
the
ligand
and
the
protein,
the
better
the
result
of
the
affinity
purification.
The
bound
protein
can
be
eluted
by
washing
the
column
with
a
solution
containing
a
high
concentration
of
free
ligand
or
a
solution
of
different
pH
or
ionic
strength.
ANSWER:
It
is
a
very
effective
means
of
separation
because
one
can
"fish
out"
the
target
protein
from
a
mixture
of
several
proteins
by
exploiting
its
unique
biochemical
affinity
for
the
ligand.
A
molecule
(a
ligand)
that
specifically
binds
to
the
protein
of
interest
(e.g.,
a
non-reactive
analog
of
an
enzyme's
substrate)
is
covalently
attached
to
an
inert
matrix.
Which
chemical
reagent
promotes
peptide
bond
cleavage
on
the
C-side
(carboxyl
side)
of
lysine
and
arginine
residues
if
the
next
residue
is
not
proline?
-
ANStrypsin What
would
be
the
order
of
elution
(from
first
-->
last)
of
the
proteins
carbonic
anhydrase
(pI
=
7.0),
carboxypeptidase
B
(pI
=
6.2)
and
chymotrypsin
(pI
=
8.0)
run
on
a
CM
(carboxymethyl)
ion
exchange
column
at
pH
6.6
eluted
with
an
increasing
NaCl
gradient:
-
ANScarboxypeptidase
B,
carbonic
anhydrase,
chymotrypsin.
Three
of
the
20
amino
acids
that
are
incorporated
into
proteins
are
aromatic.
They
are:
-
ANStyrosine,
phenylalanine,
and
tryptophan.
Which
of
the
following
series
of
amino
acids
is
most
likely
to
be
buried
in
the
center
of
a
water-soluble
globular
protein?
-
ANSAla,
Leu,
Phe
Two
amino
acids
of
the
standard
20
contain
sulfur-groups.
They
are:
-
ANSmethionine
and
cysteine.
Which
amino
acid
can
be
modified
to
make
the
following
synthetic
compound?
-
ANSproline
Which
structure
shows
the
protein
at
its
isoelectric
point
(pI)?
-
ANS3
Which
of
the
following
statements
is/are
true?
I.
If
pH
>
pI,
a
molecule
will
have
a
positive
charge.
II
If
pH
<
pI,
a
molecule
will
have
a
positive
charge.
III
If
pH
=
pI,
a
molecule
will
have
no
charge
-
ANSII
and
III
Which
of
the
following
proteins
will
elute
last
in
gel
filtration
chromatography?
-
ANSProteinase
Inhibitor
III
3.4
kD
Given
a
mixture
of
two
nickel-binding
proteins,
Protein
A
with
a
Kd
of
2mM
and
Protein
B
with
a
Kd
of
0.2mM,
which
one
will
elute
first
from
a
nickel
affinity
column?
-
ANSProtein
A
Which
of
the
following
fractionating
procedures
separates
proteins
according
to
their
molecular
weight?
I.
Gel
filtration
chromatography.
II.
Affinity
chromatography.
III.
Ion
exchange
chromatography.
-
ANSI
If
you
want
to
perform
an
anion-exchange
purification
of
a
protein
which
has
a
pI
of
7.5,
what
pH
will
you
choose
for
this
experiment?
-
ANSpH
9.0
"Specific
activity"
is
a
measure
of
protein
purity.
Which
step
in
this
table
appears
to
have
the
best
improvement
in
purity?
-
ANSSize-exclusion
chromatography
The
COVID-19
spike
protein
(S-protein)
performs
two
primary
tasks
that
aid
in
host
infection:
1)
mediates
the
attachment
between
the
virus
and
host
cell
surface
receptors,
and
2)
facilitates
viral
entry
into
the
host
cell
by
assisting
in
the
fusion
of
the
viral
and
host
cell
membranes.
The
recombinant
form
of
the
S-protein
was
expressed
in
bacteria.
Which
of
the
following
gel
shows
the
purified
S2
subunit?
-
ANSII
(chap
4&5)
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