NSG -3280 EXAM 2 ACTUAL STUDY GUIDE LATEST VERSION 2024 -2025 REAL 160 QUESTION AND CORRECT AND ANSWERS. RATED A GRADE. Etiology of herpes - ANSWER -herpes virus contact withskin and mucous membranes; persists in latentform in trigeminal nerve and other ganglia Lyme disease - ANSWER -bite of tick that carries the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi Lyme disease clinical manifestations - ANSWER -• Stage 1. Papules that itch and burn • Stage 2. Meningitis, cranial nervepalsies, and peripheral neuropathy • Stage 3. Oligoarticular arthritis Third disease transmitted from ticks - ANSWER -alpha -gal syndrome transmitted from sheep and cows Scabies - ANSWER -eggs laid by Sarcoptes scabiei mite(called scabies) on the stratum corneum, eggs hatch into larvae, and in 3 to 4 days they grow to adult hood; usually contracted after close contact with infested person Scabies clinical manifestations - ANSWER -mall, erythematous papules, itching, dry scale or crust around finger webs, wrist, umbilicus, and groin area. pediculosis - ANSWER -infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear Scleroderma - ANSWER -occurs spontaneously, massive collagen deposition with fibrosis accompanied by inflammatory reactions and vascular changes in the capillary network; can be localized or diffuse Scleroderma clinical manifestation localized - ANSWER -skin lesions single or multiple, violet colored, firm, inelastic macule and plaques that enlarge slowly, can have hair loss; lesions shrivel slowly and spontaneously effec ts circulation Scleroderma clinical manifestations diffuse - ANSWER -acute onset of muscle pain, weakness, fever, arthralgia and puffy erythematous eruption over face an eyelid. progresses over time to hardened skin including the esophagus, gastrointestinal tract which become semi -rigid, lungs and heart fibrosis, bone resorbed, and overlying tissue calcifies Kaposi's sarcoma - ANSWER -Form of skin cancer frequently seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Consists of brownish -purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs. Flat/purply skin lesion Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) Asthma - ANSWER -Characterized by 1. airway obstruction, 2. airway inflammation, and 3. increased airway reactivityto a variety of stimuli etiology of asthma - ANSWER -• Most cases triggered by allergens and stimuli such asexercise or exposure to cold air • Airway obstruction that is reversible (most of the time) • Extrinsic (Allergic) and Intrinsic (Nonallergic) types Pathogenesis of Asthma - ANSWER -Release of inflammatory chemicals leads to epithelialdenudation, collagen deposition beneath the basementmembrane, mast cell activation, mucosal edema, increasedviscid secretions, and smooth muscle contraction. exercise induced asthma - ANSWER -airway narrowing as a result of increased physical activity
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