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NUR 101 (UNIT 1) CH 1 Introduction to Nursing (1).
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NUR 101 (UNIT 1) CH 1 Introduction to Nursing (1).
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NUR 101 (UNIT 1) CH 1 Introduction to NursingHealth - ANS-State of optimal functioning or well-being.
Licensure - ANS-To be given a license to practice nursing in a state or province after
successfully meeting requirements.
Nurse Practice Act - ANS-Law established to regulate nursing practice.
Nursing - ANS-Profession that focuses on the holistic person receiving healthcare services and
provides a unique contribution to the prevention of illness and maintenance of health.
Nursing Process - ANS-Five step systematic method for giving patients care; involves
assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Profession - ANS-An occupation that meets specific criteria including a well-defined body of
specific and unique knowledge, a code of ethics and standards, ongoing research, and
autonomy.
Reciprocity - ANS-Process allowing a nurse to apply for and be endorsed as a registered nurse
by another state.
Standards - ANS-Acceptable, expected level of performance established by authority, custom,
or consent. Allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the
patient and the institution where healthcare is given.
Florence Nightingale - ANS-Born in 1820 to a wealthy family, grew up in England, well educated
and traveled extensively. Trained as a nurse at 31. The Crimean War gave opportunity for
achievement. Challenged prejudices against women, and elevated the status of all nurses.
Established training school for nurses, and wrote books on healthcare and nursing education.
Elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation, and improved quality of care.
Regarded as founder of modern nursing.
Florence Nightingale's Contributions: - ANS-Identifying the person needs of the patient and the
role of the nurse in meeting those needs. Establishing standards for hospital management.
Establishing a respected occupation for women. Establishing nursing education. Recognizing
the two components of nursing: health and illness. Believing the nursing is separate and distinct
from medicine. Recognizing that nutrition is important to health. Instituting occupation and
recreational therapy for sick people. Stressing the need for continuing education for nurses.
Maintaining accurate records, recognized as the beginnings of nursing research.
, Clara Barton - ANS-Volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the Civil
War; served as the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James, organizing hospitals and
nurses; established the Red Cross in 1882.
Mary Elizabeth Mahoney - ANS-Graduated from the New England Hospital for women and
children in 1879 as America's First African American Nurse.
Harriet Tubman - ANS-A nurse and an abolitionist; active in the underground railroad movement
before joining the Union Army during the Civil War.
Isabel Hampton Robb - ANS-A leader in nursing and nursing education; organized the nursing
school at Johns Hopkins Hospital; initiated policies that included limiting the number of hours in
a days work and wrote a textbook to help student learning; the first president of the Nurses
Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada (now American Nurses Association).
Aims of Nursing - ANS-To promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health, to facilitate
coping with disability or death.
Four Essential Competencies: - ANS-Cognitive, Technical, Interpersonal, and ethical/legal skills
to provide safe and knowledgeable care.
Cognitive Skills - ANS-Think about the nature of things sufficiently to "make sense" of their world
and to grasp conceptually what is necessary to achieve valued goals. Offer a scientific rationale
for the patients plan of care (sciences include nursing and medical science, as well as
chemistry, microbiology, anatomy, physiology, psychology, sociology, and anthropology). Select
the nursing interventions that are most likely to yield the desired outcomes. Use critical thinking
to solve problems creatively.
Technical Skills - ANS-Manipulate equipment skillfully to produce a desired outcome or result.
Involve everything from manual dexterity and good eye-hand coordination to an ability to
troubleshoot when equipment malfunctions, based on an understanding of the technical
workings of the equipment. Use technical equipment with sufficient competence and ease to
achieve goals with minimal distress to participants involved. Creatively adapt equipment and
technical procedures to the needs of individual patients in diverse circumstances.
Interpersonal Skills - ANS-Establish and maintain caring relationships that facilitate the
achievement of values goals while simultaneously affirming the worth of those in the
relationship. Use interactions with patients, their significant others, and colleagues to affirm their
worth. Elicit the personal strengths and abilities of patients and their significant others to achieve
values health goals. Provide the health-care team with knowledge about the patients valued
goals and expectations. Work collaboratively with other members of the health-care team as a
respected and credible colleague to reach valued goals.
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