NSG 552 EXAM 2 Wilkes University ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES GRADED A+100% What is agoraphobia and how can it be treated? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔intense fear of being in public pleases where escape or obtaining help may be difficult Treat with CBT and SSRI What is narcolepsy? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔excessive daytime sleepiness and falling asleep in inappropriate places; cataplexy, hallucinations and/or sleep paralysis at the beginning or end of sleep episodes What is catplexy? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔brief episodes of su dden bilateral loss of muscle tone what is the etiology of narcolepsy? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔loss of hypothalamic neurons that produce hypocretin How is narcolepsy managed? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔sleep hygiene, scheduled daytime naps, avoid shift work Amphetamines (D -amphetamine , methamphetamine) Modafinil (Provigil) - first line pharmacologic treatment - CNS stimulant which promotes wakefullness What is the drug of choice for cataplexy? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔Sodium oxalate - avoid use with alcohol or other CNS depressants TCA - imipramine ( Tofranil), desipramine (Norpramin), clomipramine (Anafranil) What are REM suppression drugs? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔SSNI - fluoxetine (Prozac), SNRI - duloxetine (Cymbalta), atomoxetine (Strattara), venlafaxine (Effexor) Do non -benzo hypnotics affect REM sleep - ✔✔ANSW✔✔Non-benzo hypnotics DO NOT affect REM sleep What is a problem found with OTC sedative/hypnotics? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔tolerance to sedating effects can develop rapidly Describe Ramelteon (Rozerem) - ✔✔ANSW✔✔Selective melatonin (MT1 and MT2) agonist that is effective and safe sleep aid due to no tolerance or dependance It DOES NOT act on benzo receptors What are non -pharmacological interventions for sleep apnea - ✔✔ANSW✔✔weight loss, avoidance of alcohol, CPAP, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty What are the characteristics of restless leg syndrome (RLS)? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔urge to move legs accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the legs relief with movement, aggravation with inactivity worse in the evening 1.5-2 times more likely in males What are the risk factors for RLS? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔age, iron deficiency, antidepressants (activating type - Effexor), antipsychotics, dopamine blocking antiemetic, antihistamines, strong familial component What is the treatment for RLS? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔remove offending agent, replace iron What are first -line medications for RLS? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔Dopamine agonists - pramipexole (Mirapex) and ropinirole (requip) Benzodiazepines Gabapentin (Neurontin) - anticonvulsant pregabalin (Lyrica) - antiepileptic Low potency opioids for treatment refractory patients What treatment is used for generalized anxiety disorder - ✔✔ANSW✔✔First line - SSRI Second line - Buspar (anxiolytic), SNRI Can consider short term course of benzos or augmentation with buspirone (Buspar) SSRI - escitalopram (Lexapro), paroxetine (Paxil), SNRI - duloxetine (Cymbalta), venlafaxine (Effexor) What is used to treat panic at tacks? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔initially use benzos short term What is used to treat panic disorder? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔First line - SSRI, SRNA Second line - TCAs, though limited use Adjunct - benzo with caution, short -term until SSRIs reach therapeutic efficacy Alprazolam (Xanax ) is FDA approved SSRI - Fluoxetine (Prozac), Paxil (paroxetine), Zoloft (sertraline), SNRI - Effexor (venlafaxine) TCA - clomipramine (Anafranil), imipramine (Tofranil) What is social phobia and how is it treated? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔fear of scrutiny by others or fear of acting in humiliating or embarrassing way CBT
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Bestnursesteve. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $27.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
