2024 -2025 NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ How does blood flow through the heart? Deoxygenated venous blood → Sup. Vena Cava → Right Atrium →Tricuspid (AV) →Empties into R. Ventricle (& it contracts) → Blood ejected through Pulmonary Valve → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs to be Oxygenated → Pulmonary Veins → L. Atrium → Mitral (AV) → L. Ventricle (pumps with each contraction) → Aortic Valve → Aorta → Bod y What is systole? Contraction of the heart which pumps blood What produces S1 and S2 sound? closing of the heart valves What produces S1? The mitral and tricuspid valves which close in systole What produces S2 sound? The closing of the aortic and pulmonic valves in diastole What is cardiac output? the volume o f blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute What is stroke volume? amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle with contraction What determines cardiac output? stroke volume and heart rate What is preload? the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts, related to ventricular filling, end diastolic pressure, amount of blood entering the ventricle during diastole What is afterload? resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood What is contractility? Normal ability of muscle to contract at a given force for a given stretch. It is independent of preload/afterload Will sustained tachycardia result in increased or decreased stroke volume? Decreased What conditions can result in decreas ed contractility? Ischemia, acidosis, cardiomyopathy
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller mianojustin. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $18.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.