English; meaning symbols and letters reflect
pronunciation of a sound; ESL students' first lang may
alphabetic language not be alphabetic because they use symbols;
phonological knowledge must be taught, so alphabet
needs to be taught
an understanding that letters and letter patterns
Alphabetic Principle
represent the sounds of spoken words.
In this approach, instruction begins with the
identification of a familiar word. The teacher then
Analytic Phonics
introduces a particular sound/spelling relationship within
that familiar word
In this systematic and explicit approach, students learn
to transform letters and letter combinations into sounds
Synthetic Phonics
and then the sounds together to form recognizable
words. Teach individual parts and build to whole
auditory discrimination The ability to hear differences in sounds
the number of words, numbers, or sounds a student can
auditory span hold in his working memory. Can limit dictation or note
taking.
two or more sounds that are frequently grouped
blend together- each sound can be separated into its
individual components
a diacritical mark (,) placed below the letter c to indicate
cedilla
that it is pronounced as an s
the code marked placed over vowels to indicate an
circumflex
unusual pronunciation
, one does not attempt to remediate the problem but
compensatory approach instead recommends modifications within the learning
environment which allows the student to be successful
The use of semantic and syntactic clues to aid in
Cloze Procedure
completing sentences."Fill in the blank"
putting code marks on words- encourages kinesthetic
Coding
involvement and discourages guessing
a pattern of letters which occurs frequently together.
combination
They form an unexpected sound (vr's, qu, wh)
comorbid two or more disorders in the same individual
sounds that are blocked or partially blocked by the
consonant
tongue teeth and lips
using the sound/symbol system and structural analysis to
Decoding
unlock unfamiliar words (synthetic)
derivative adding a prefix or a suffix to a base word
diacritical markings a mark indicating pronunciation
dieresis two dots over an a (a)
The sound produced by combining two vowels in to a
diphthong
single syllable or running together the sounds. (ow, oi)
Presentation of new material which can be deduced or
discovery method
discovered by the students (Socratic Method)
high frequency word list which may be regular or
Dolch List
irregular
the student who is NOT right handed, right eyed, and
crossed, mixed dominance
right footed or left handed, left eyed, left footed
unusual difficulty with math, probably originating from a
Dyscalculia
distinct part of the brain
Encoding to spell (analytic)
etymology the study of word origins
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