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Chem 1B Final Review Questions and and answers (1)
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Chem 1B Final Review Questions and and answers (1)
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Chem 1B Final Reviewdo most rxns go to completion? - ✅✅ -no, they stop short at an intermediate state
where there are mixtures of products and reactants.
formula for concentration - ✅✅ -[c] = moles of solute (substance being
dissolved)/volume of solute (dissolving medium)
unit for concentration? -✅✅-mol/L = M
formula for equilibirum constant? - ✅✅-Kc=[C]^c[D]^d/([A]^a[B]^b) where each is
the concentration (mol/L)
✅✅-mol/L, depends on the equation (canceling
the unit of equilibirum constant... -
and whatnot), could also be unitless
in heterogeneous systems, which are excluded? - ✅✅-solids, liquids, solvents
✅✅
for rxns involving gases, the law of mass action can be written in terms of ____ of
the gases involved - -partial pressures
Kp stands for... - ✅✅-equilibrium pressure
unit for Kp? - ✅✅-atm, but also depends on equation
"real" formula for equilibrium pressure, Kp? - ✅✅-Kp=Kc(RT)^(∆n), where
∆n=(c+d)-(a+b) (coefficients)
if a rxn is reverse, what happens to the Kc? - ✅✅-Kc=1/K', where K' is the
"forward, normal" reaction lol
if a rxn is multiplied by n (coefficient), what happens to the Kc? - ✅✅-Kc=(K')ⁿ
what does K gives? - ✅✅-the extent of the rxn and composition of the equilibrium
mixture
if K>1...there will be more ___ and less____. -✅✅-more product and less reactant
if K<1, there will be less ___ and more ____ - ✅✅-less product and more reactant
when solving for rxn quotient (Q) ... - ✅✅-the concentration needs to be [X] with a
s=ubscript of 0 (meaning t=0)
if Q=k... - ✅✅-the system is at equilibrium
, if Q<k, then there are less ___ and more ____ - ✅✅-less products and more
reactants
if Q>k, then there are more___ and less____ - ✅✅-more products and less
reactants
what are stress/disturbance of a system at equilibrium? - ✅✅-1) add/remove
reactants/products
2) changing volume
3) adding an inert gas
4) changing temp.
✅✅
if the stress of a system at equilibrium is adding/removing reactants/products, what
direction would the rxn shift?? - -if removing, shift in direction of substance
being remove
if adding, shift in direction of substance being added
so it basically shifts in whatever direction to create equlibirum
✅✅
if the stress of a system at equilibrium is changing volume, what direction would the
rxn shift?? - -proceed in direction of less # of mols (coefficients)
✅✅
if the stress of a system at equilibrium is adding an inert gas, what direction would
the rxn shift?? - -the change of total pressure doesn't change partial pressure
of reactants/products, so equilibrium is not disturbed
✅✅
if the stress of a system at equilibrium is temperature change, what happens? -
-the value of k changes
symbol for free energy? - ✅✅-∆G°f (or rxn)
unit for free energy? - ✅✅-kj/mol
symbol for enthalpy of formation? - ✅✅-∆H°f (or rxn)
unit for enthalpy of formation? - ✅✅-kj/mol
symbol for molar heat capacity? - ✅✅-Cp,m
unit for molar heat capacity? - ✅✅-j/kmol
symbol for molar entropy? - ✅✅-∆S°m
unit for molar entropy? - ✅✅-j/kmol
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