HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM TEST BANK 200+ ACTUAL SELF ASSESSMENT EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2024 A client prescribed a statin and gemfibrozil (Lopid) for hyperlipidemia reports an onset of muscle pain and weakness. Which assessment is mostimportant for the nurse to evaluate? a. Serum liver enzymes. b. T3 and T4 blood levels.c. Bowel function. d. Peripheral sensation. ------ CORRECT ANSWER ------------------ a. serum liver enzymes Concomminent use of gemfibrozil and statins can cause muscle weaknessand wasting known as myopathy, which is reflected in serum liver function enzymes, such as elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) that is also found in skeletal muscle. A client receives a new prescription for an angiotensin -converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor. Which client history contraindicates its use? a. Asthma. b. Heart failure. c. Renal artery stenosis. d. Coronary artery disease. ------ CORRECT ANSWER ----------------- c. renal artery stenosis A client prescribed furosemide for the past six months is scheduled to receive digoxin for heart failure. Which laboratory serum levels should thenurse review before administering the digoxin? a. Calcium. b. Magnesium. c. Potassium. d. Furosemide. ------ CORRECT ANSWER --------------- c. potassium The client's serum potassium levels should be evaluated before administered digoxin because furosemide can cause hypokalemia whichincreases the risk of digoxin toxicity and cardiac arrhythmias. A client at 30 -weeks gestation in labor receives two 12 mg doses of betamethasone intramuscularly 12 hours apart. The client asks the nursewhy she is receiving the betamethasone. Which explanation should the nurse give the client? a. The medication suppresse s uterine contractions. b. The medication stimulates fetal surfactant production. c. The medication reduces maternal and fetal tachycardia. d. The medication maintains adequate maternal respiratory effort. ------ CORRECT ANSWER ------------- b. the medication stimulates fetal surfactant production The mother of a newborn refuses to have her newborn administer thevitamin K injection. Which information should the nurse provide the mother? a. Bacteria that synthesize vitamin K are not present in the newborn'sintestinal tract. b. Oral vitamin K impedes the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver. c. The maternal diet is often deficient in vitamin K, so the newborn is deficient in the vitamin K. d. The synthesis of vitamin K is inadequate for 3 to 4 months in the newborn. ------ CORRECT ANSWER -------------------------- a. bacteria that synthesize vitamin k are not present in the newborn's intestinal tract An end -stage terminally ill client being cared for at home is receiving morphine via a patient -controlled pump for intractable cancer pain. Whenthe hospice nurse visits, the client awakens, moans in severe pain, and asks for an increase in the morphine dosage. The client's heart rate is 80 beats/minute, respirations are 10 breaths/minute, and the blood pressure is102/68 mmHg. Which is the best action for the nurse to implement? a. Titrate the morphine dose upward until the client has adequate painrelief. b. Suggest to the family that they can also give the client ibuprofen, a non - narcotic analgesic. c. Hold additional morphine until the client' s respirations are at least 16 per minute. d. Inform the client that an increased dose of morphine increases side effects without additional pain control. ------ CORRECT ANSWER ------------------------- a. titrate the morphine dose upward until the client has adequate pain relief Tolerance can occur in a client who requires large doses of opioids for intractable pain management, and an increased titration of the analgesic oran additional drug in the same or a different classification may provide more effective pain management. The client's basic need for comfort duringthe last stages of a terminal malignancy is the main priority for this hospice client. A client being treated with imipramine, an anti -depressant for chronic cancer pain asks the the nurse, " What is the reason for the antidepressantmedication?" Which explanation should the nurse provide the client? a. Increases pain threshold by stimulating opiate receptors in the CNS torelease of endogenous enkephalins. b. Decreases perception of pain by blocking opiate receptors in the brainand descending inhibitory nerves. c. Decreases transmission of pain impulses by altering serotonin and norepinephrine activity at nerve synapses. d. Increases pain tolerance through relief of depression by increasing the amounts of norepinephrine in the brain. ------ CORRECT ANSWER ------------ c. decreases transmission of pain impulses by altering serotonin and norepinephrine activity at nerve synapses A client is admitted for atrial fibrillation, and the healthcare provider prescribes disopyramide (Norpace). After explaining the action of this antidysrhythmic agent, which complaint should the nurse instruct the clientto report? a. Joint pain. b. Dizziness or muscle weakness. c. Daily weight gain of 2 pounds. d. Dry mouth. ------ CORRECT ANSWER -------------- c. daily weight gain of 2 pounds When assessing a client prior to the administration of digoxin (Lanoxin,APO - Digoxin), which data is most important for the nurse to consider? a. Presence of a grade 2 murmur. b. Nailbed capillary refill of 5 seconds. c. Irregular apical pulse with a rate of 87. d. Bilateral lower extremity dependent rubor. ------ CORRECT ANSWER ----- ------- c. irregular apical pulse with a rate of 87 A client with Paget's disease is started on calcitonin (Calcimar) 500 mcg subcutaneously daily. During the initial treatment, what is the priority nursing action? a. Assess the injection site for inflammation. b. Evaluate the client's level of pain. c. Monitor the client's alkaline phosphatase levels. d. Observe the client for signs of hypersensitivity ------------- CORRECT ANSWER ----------- d. observe the client for signs of hypersensitivity A resident of a long-term care facility is taking lithium carbonate (Eskalith)to treat bipolar disorder. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers?
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