NURS 5315 GI Module 9, Exam 5 Questions and Answers 100% Correct NURS 5315 GI Module 9, Exam 5 Questions and Answers 100% Correct
Upper GI organs - ANSWER-mouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
Lower GI organs - ANSWER-small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
Hepatoportal circulation - ANSWER-hepatic artery receives oxygenated blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein and
delivers nutrients that have been absorbed from the intestinal system
Osmotic diarrhea - ANSWER-Caused by the presence of a nonabsorbable substance in
the intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen and results in large volume diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax work. Causes include: excessive ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube feedings, dumping syndrome, malabsorption, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile salt deficiency, small intestine bacterial overgrowth or celiac disease
Secretory diarrhea - ANSWER-Results in large volume losses secondary to infectious causes such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff.
Motility diarrhea - ANSWER-AKA short bowel syndrome. Results from resection of small
intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, and laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common in malabsorption syndrome. Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis, weight loss and malabsorption.
Large bowel obstruction - ANSWER-not as common and typically occurs 2nd to a tumor, but can also be diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease and volvulus. S&S: hypogastric pain, abdominal distention and vomiting which will occur late
Portal Hypertension - ANSWER-Abnormally high blood pressure in the portal venous system caused by resistance to portal blood flow. Commonly caused by fibrosis, obstruction from cirrhosis, thrombosis, or narrowing of hepatic portal vein. Most common S&S is vomiting blood from bleeding esophageal varices.
Peptic Ulcer Disease - ANSWER-Is a break in the integrity of the mucosa of the esophagus, stomach or duodenum resulting in exposure of the tissue to gastric acid. Risk factors include smoking, advanced age, NSAID use, ETOH, chronic disease, acute
pancreatitis, COPD, obesity, socioeconomic status, gastrinoma, and infection with Helicobacter pylori. S&S: Epigastric pain is worse with eating, melena or hematemesis
