Summary
Summary INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY MADE EASY ( YEAR ONE)
- Course
- Institution
- Book
THESE 3 SETS OF DOCUMENTS GIVE A SUMMARISED YET DETAILED VERSIONS OF THE BIOLOGY CAMPBELL TEXT BOOK. YOU ARE SURE TO GET AN A!
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Test Bank for Campbell Biology 12th Edition ||All Chapters 1-56||Full Complete||Latest 2024 Revised edition
-
Test Bank for Campbell Biology, 12th Edition By (Urry/ Cain/ Wasserman/ Min) ISBN: 9780135188743, All 56 Chapters Covered, Verified Latest Edition
-
Test Bank For Campbell Biology 12th Edition By Urry | All Chapters ( 1-56) - Latest Version 2024 A+
Seller
Follow
zinhlegazide
Content preview
SUMMARIESCHAPTER 1: The Themes of Biology and Scientific Inquiry
Themes Connect the Concepts of Biology
Biological Organization:
• Life can be studied at different levels of biological organization, ranging from
molecules to the entire living planet.
• Hierarchical organization includes:
• Biosphere: All environments on Earth that support life.
• Ecosystems: All living things in a particular area, along with non-living
components.
• Communities: Entire array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem.
• Populations: All the individuals of a species living within the bounds of a
specified area.
• Organisms: Individual living things.
• Organs and Organ Systems: Body parts that perform a specific function.
• Tissues: Groups of similar cells that work together.
• Cells: Life's fundamental unit of structure and function.
• Organelles: Various functional components within cells.
• Molecules: Chemical structure consisting of two or more atoms.
Emergent Properties:
• New properties emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life.
• These properties are due to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity
increases.
Reductionism:
• Reducing complex systems to simpler components for study.
Systems Biology:
• Exploration of a biological system by analysing the interactions among its parts.
• Integrates different levels of biological organization.
Correlation of Structure and Function:
, • Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization.
• Analysing a biological structure can give clues about what it does and how it works.
The Cell: An Organism’s Basic Unit of Structure and Function
• The cell is the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for
life.
• Two main types of cells:
• Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
• Eukaryotic Cells: Contain membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus.
Life’s Processes Involve the Expression and Transmission of Genetic Information
Genetic Information:
• Cells contain chromosomes made partly of DNA, the substance of genes.
• Genes encode information for building proteins.
• DNA structure: Two long chains (strands) arranged in a double helix.
• Sequence of nucleotides in DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into a
protein.
Life Requires the Transfer and Transformation of Energy and Matter
Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling:
• Life requires energy transfer and transformation.
• Energy flows through an ecosystem, usually entering as light and exiting as heat.
• Chemical elements are recycled within an ecosystem.
Organisms Interact with Other Organisms and the Physical Environment
Interactions:
• Organisms interact continuously with their environments.
• Both organisms and environments are affected by these interactions.
• Feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems.
Evolution Accounts for the Unity and Diversity of Life
, Evolution:
• Evolution is the concept that living organisms are modified descendants of common
ancestors.
• Explains unity and diversity of life.
• Species have "descent with modification."
• Natural selection is a primary cause of descent with modification.
Classifying the Diversity of Life:
• Biologists classify life using a hierarchical system of taxonomy.
• Three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Scientific Inquiry
Scientific Method:
• Science is a way of knowing and includes observation-based discovery and
hypothesis-based inquiry.
• Hypotheses must be testable and falsifiable.
• Experiments are conducted to test hypotheses.
Types of Data:
• Qualitative data: Descriptions rather than measurements. (In the format of words)
• Quantitative data: Recorded measurements, which can be organized into tables and
graphs. (In the format of numbers)
Forming and Testing Hypotheses:
• Hypothesis: A tentative answer to a well-framed question.
• Hypotheses lead to predictions that can be tested by observation or
experimentation.
Controlled Experiments:
• Control group and experimental group are compared.
• Variables are kept constant except the one being tested.
Theory in Science:
• Theory: Broader than a hypothesis, supported by a large body of evidence.
Modelling:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller zinhlegazide. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.80. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79879 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now